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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At the time of American independence, democracy was associated with |
mob rule |
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__________ is the idea that a numerical majority of a group should hold the power to make decisions binding on the whole group; simple majority. |
Majority Rule |
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The Framers grew on ideas of the British political philosophers __________ and __________ in perceiving the relationship between government and the governed as a social contract. |
Hobbes and Locke |
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__________ is the theory that government has only the authority accorded it by the consent of the governed |
Social Contract |
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The Constitution created a ________ in whichpeople elected others to govern in their name.
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Representative Government |
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The term ________ was defined by Madison as anygroup that places its own interests above the aggregate interests of society
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faction |
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What document formally established the USA? |
Articles of Confederation |
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Under the Connecticut Compromise... |
the house of representatives would be proportional to population, but the Senate would represent each state equally |
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The indirect election of senators was intended to serve as a check on... |
popular will |
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The Constitution established a bicameral Congress, which means that |
in consists of 2 chambers |
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__________splits power between nation and state; __________ divides the powers that remained with the national government among threebranches of government. |
Federalism; Separation of Powers |
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The necessary and proper clause... |
requires that the law be necessary and proper to one of the enumerated powers. |
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Powers that belong to both the state and national government are called... |
concurrent powers |
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The __________, which was passed in 1868, prohibits states from denying any persons due process and the equal protection of the laws. |
14th amendment |
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__________ federalism recognized that, while the national government rules supreme in some spheres, the state government remain supreme in others, with layers of authority separate from one another, an arrangement that political scientists compare to a "layer cake". |
Dual Federalism |
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In 1932, __________ was elected President having promised a New Deal to americans who had lost their jobs, homes, and savings to the Great Depression. |
FDR-- Franklin Roosevelt |
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__________, Republican President from 1981-1989, declared in his first inaugural address, "Government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem." |
Ronald Reagan |
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Where in the Constitution are civil liberties protected? |
the first ten amendments |
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As originally written, the Bill of Rights limited the ... |
National Government not the state governments
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The Supreme Courts applied the provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states through the process of... |
incorporation |
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The __________ clause of the First Amendment prevents Congress from recognizing one church by law as the nation's official church, as Britain had done with the Anglican Church. |
Establishment |
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Southern laws that were established with strict segregation of the races would be known as the... |
Jim Crow laws |
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__________ are the programs that grant preferences to minorities and/or women in employment, education, or contracting; yet they not only aimed to ensure equality of opportunity but also to promote equality of outcome. |
Affirmative Action |
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The landmark __________ (1990) requires public and private employers to make "reasonable accommodations" to known physical and mental limitations of employees with the disabilities and, if possible, to modify performance standards to accommodate an employee's disability. |
Americans with Disabilities Act |
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One of the leaders of the founding generation who was critical of democracy and provided legal counsel to British Soldiers charged in the Boston Massacre |
John Adams |
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Principle that states in the federal system should be empowered to avoid compliance with certain actions of the national government that they oppose |
Nullification |
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Three distinct functions that emerged among the delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention |
North v. South Large v. Small State National v. State governments |
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List three delegates in attendance at the 1787 Constitutional convention |
Hamilton Madison Washington |
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List three types of constitutional grants of power to levels of government in a federal system |
enumerated concurrent denied |
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List three constitutional foundations present in constitutional amendments for the right to privacy that the Supreme Court has proclaimed |
1st amendment 9th amendment 14th amendment |
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List three legal restrictions on voting enacted by state governments that effectively limited African-American suffrage after the ratification of the 15th Amendment (1870). |
Poll tax white primary literacy test |
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List three constitutional principles designed to limit government |
separation of powers checks and balances federalism |
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List three specific rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights |
freedom of religion freedom of speech freedom of the press |
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List three alternative interpretations of the Establishment Clause in the First Amendment |
no preference no state church wall of separation |
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List three specific groups in American society that have been subjected to and agitated against public/private discrimination |
Minorities Women Homosexuals |
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List three political values widely shared in the American political culture |
civil liberties/rights capitalism individualism |
