Geo 1.b.3

Front 1

Marine processes

Back 1

Processes that operate upon a coastline that are connected with the sea, such as waves tides and longshore drift

Front 2

Sub-aerial processes

Back 2

Processes that operate on the land but affect the shape of the coastline such as weathering, mass movement, and runoff

Front 3

Hydraulic action

Back 3

Impact on rocks by sheer force of water

Front 4

Wave quarrying

Back 4

Breaking wave traps air as it hits a cliff face, the force of water compresses this air into any gap in the rock face, creating enormous pressure within the fissure or joint. As water pulls back the pressure is released

Front 5

Abrasion (corrasion)

Back 5

Material picked up by the sea wears away rock faces as it is hurled at the cliff face

Front 6

Attrition

Back 6

The rocks in the sea are slowly warn down as they carry out abrasion

Front 7

Solution (corrosion)

Back 7

Dissolving of calcium based rocks

Front 8

Where do the steepest cliffs form?

Back 8

Where the rock stratas are horizontal or dipping gently inward

Front 9

Where do gentle slopes form?

Back 9

Rocks that dip toward the coast

Front 10

Fetch

Back 10

How far the wave has travelled, determined energy

Front 11

Sea depth

Back 11

Steeply shelving seabed at the coast will create higher and steeper waves

Front 12

Coastal configuration

Back 12

Headland attract wave energy through refraction

Front 13

Geology

Back 13

Tough and resistant rocks such as granite erodes at very slow rates compared to weaker clays and shales

Front 14

Rock type

Back 14

Physical strength and chemistry, determined it's resistance to erosion and permeability

Front 15

Transportation

Back 15

Mobement of material in the sea and along the coast by waves and tidal energy