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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Whatis the primary method for oxygen transport in the body |
98% attached to hemoglobin 2-3% dissolved in rbcs |
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do men or women have more hb? (g Hb/100ml blood) |
men: 14-18g hb/100ml blood women:12-16g |
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what can cause a left/right shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissiciation curve |
R: more O2 is unloaded from Hb at tissue level, (during exercise more O2 to tissues) L: less O2 is unloaded at the tissue level |
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what does the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve show? |
amount of Hb saturated, as PO2 dec. so does Hb saturation |
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How is CO2 transported in the blood? 3 ways, primary way? |
60-70% bicarbonate ions 20-30% carbaminohemoglboin 10% dissolved in plasma |
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what are some of the ways respiration is regulated? |
Peripheral chemoreceptors (PO2, PCO2, H) Changing core body temp Neural mechanisms Voluntary control |
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VE ventilation =
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TV * Bf amount of air moved per minute |
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at high intensity exercises what continues the upward drive in ventilation |
at low intensities TV increases, but at high ones Bf does too |
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3 ways we know that VT does not equal LT |
mcardles disease: born w/ muscle disease have no LT, but have VT aerobic training can move LT but VT doesnt change much in a glycogen depleted state you hit LT quick but VT is the same |
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adaptations to ventilation, breathing frequency, tidal volume |
only changes at submax exercise VE stays the same, but tv incs and bf dec |
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tests we can use to measure lung function? |
forced vital capacity max voluntary ventilation FEV1 |
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superior vena cava |
Transports deoxygenated blood into theright atrium from the body |
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pulmonary trunk |
Transportsblood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
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aorta |
transports blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body |
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coronary arteries |
supply blood to the heart |
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electrical conduction pathway 6 steps |
sa node -> atria -> av node ->av bundle -> bundle branches -> bundle of his |
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extrinsic control: PNS effect on the heart |
vagal tone: max= 20-30 bpm in super trained runner |
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SNS effect on heart |
inc rate of impulse generation and conduction speed, opposite of PNS, incs. hr |
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Q= |
SV * HR |
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EF= |
SV/EDV |
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SV= |
volume pumped per contraction |
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artery vs vein |
artery pumps oxygenated blood away from the heart, vein sends deoxygenated blood to the heart |
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SBP vs DBP |
systolic is the highest pressure of the heart, during a contraction diastolic is the lowest pressure during relaxation |
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MAP MAP=?? |
average pressure exerted by the arterioles 2/3 DBP + 1/3 SBP |
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BP is maintained and controlled by the autonomic nervous system 3 different receptors |
baroreceptors chemoreceptors mechanoreceptors |
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BLOOD FLOW %'s at rest and during exercise |
20% skin, 80% muscles intense exercise 20% stomach/GI, 20% kidneys, 15% brain 20% muscles at rest |
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3 factors that aid in venous blood return |
valves in the veins, blood only flows one way muscle pump, respiratory pump |
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blood composition % |
55% plasma (90% h20) 45% formed elements (99% rbc) |
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hematocrit |
ratio of formed elements to total blood volume ex. 45/100 |
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frank starling mechanism |
ventricles fill with more blood so they stretch further and thus contract with more force |
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calculate rate pressure product |
HR*SBP/1000 |
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metabolic adaptations with aerobic training lactate threshold RER |
inc. in lactate clearance and reduced reliance on glycolytic systems RER inc. utilization of FFA |
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BMI=? |
weight (kg)/ height (m) ^2 >18.5 underweight 18.5-25 normal >25->30 overweight >30 obese |
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glucose transporter most effected by physical activity/exercise? |
glut IV |
