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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 2 divisions of the circulatory system
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Cardiovascular System & Lymphatic System
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List the primary structures of the Cardiovascular System
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Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood
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List the primary structures of the Lymphatic system
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Lymph, lymphatic vessels, ducts, lymph nodes
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State 5 functions of the circulatory system
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1. Carries oxygen and food to the cells of the body
2. Removes carbon dioxide and waste from the cells of the body to the excretory organs 3. aids in the coagulation process 4. Assists in defending the body against disease 5. Regulates body temperature |
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Name the 2 divisions of the cardiovascular system.
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Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation |
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List the 19 areas of the flow of blood through the body, include whether blood is oxygenated (+) or deoxygenated (-).
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1. Superior/inferior vena cava -
2. Right Atrium - 3. Right Ventricle - 4. Pulmonary Artery - 5. Arteries - 6. Arterioles - 7. Capillaries +- (surround the alveoli in lungs) 8. Venules + 9. Veins + 10. Pulmonary Vein + 11. Left Atrium + 12. Left Ventricle + 13. Aorta + 14. Arteries + 15. Arterioles + 16. Capillaries +- (to the cells of the body) 17. Venules - 18. Veins - 19. Superior/inferior vena cava - |
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Cardiac output
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The volume of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute
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How much blood is pumped by the heart in 1 minute?
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5 liters
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How much blood does the average person have in their body
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5 liters, 5.3 quarts
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What does blood pressure measure
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The force (pressure) or tension exerted by the blood on the walls of blood vessels.
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Systolic pressure
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The pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles
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Diastolic pressure
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The arterial pressure during relaxation of the ventricles
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Name the 5 types of blood vessels
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Arteries
Arterioles Veins Venules Cappillaries |
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What is the basis for calling a blood vessel a vein or calling it an artery?
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Whether it carries blood toward the heart (veins) or away from the heart (arteries)
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State four ways in which veins and arteries differ from one another.
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a. Thickness of the layers (artery layers are thicker)
b. Blood flows from arteries to veins (or arterioles to capillaries to venules) c. Veins have valves. Arteries have pulses. d. Veins carry blood toward the heart, arteries carry it away from the heart |
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State the 2 primary activities that take place in the capillaries of the systemic circulation.
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i. Arterial blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to the capillaries.
ii. Carbon dioxide and wastes are carried away in the venous blood. |
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State the activities that take place in the capillaries of the cardiopulmonary circulation.
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i. Carbon dioxide is delivered to the capillaries to be exhaled
ii. Oxygen from the air is inhaled into the blood |
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What are the 3 major veins of the antecubital fossa that are suitable for venipuncture?
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Cephalic
Median cubital Basilic |
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Give 2 reasons why the median cubital vein is the first choice of veins for venipuncture in the antecubital fossa?
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1. It is typically larger, closer to the surface, better anchored, and more stationary than the others
2. It is the easiest and least painful to puncture and the least likely to bruise |
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Give 3 reasons why the basilic vein is the third choice of veins for venipuncture in the antecubital fossa.
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1. It is not as well anchored and rolls more easily, increasing the possibility of puncturing a nerve.
2. Basilic vein is close to the brachial artery, so may accidentally puncture it. 3. Punctures in this area also tend to be more painful |
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Why is an arterial puncture more hazardous to a patient than a venipuncture?
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Arterial punctures will bleed more
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Name 2 components of blood in vivo.
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plasma
formed elements |
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What are the approximate proportions of plasma and formed elements in blood in vivo.
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Plasma: approximately 55%
Formed Elements: approximately 45% |
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State the composition of plasma.
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90% water
10% solutes (dissolved substances) |
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Name the 3 formed elements found in blood.
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Erythrocytes (RBC's)
Leukocytes (WBC's) Thrombocytes (platelets) |
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Primary function of erythrocytes (RBC's):
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to carry oxygen from the lungs to the cells. They also carry carbon dioxide from the cells back to the lungs to be exhaled.
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