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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Filter theory outline |
Compared student couples in long term vs short term relationships (<18 months) - found 3 main filters deduct possible matches |
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Field of availables |
Entire set of viable partners |
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Field of desirables |
Main factors making available partners desirable |
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1st filter |
Social demography |
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Social demography |
Chances of meeting in first place - location, class etc. meaningful interactions are with those similar and nearby, too different discounted |
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2nd filter |
Similarity in attitudes |
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Similarity in attitudes |
Sharing important beliefs and values, already narrowed down by field of availables Important to development of short term relationships, self disclosure encouraged |
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3rd filter |
Complementarity |
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Complementarity |
Meeting others' needs with traits they lack, important to long term relationships |
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Support eval |
Winch (1958) supports importance of similarity in early stages and complementarity in later stages |
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Temporal validity eval |
Importance of demographics has decreased in modern day, influence of technology and dating sites |
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Matching hypothesis outline |
Attractive people want attractive partners Couples equally matched are happier |
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Faces that evoke attraction |
Symmetrical faces - good genes Neotenous faces: caring instinct |
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Halo effect |
Physically attractive people rated as kinder, stronger, successful etc. - we act more friendly with these presumptions |
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Walster et al (1996) - matching hypothesis |
More socially desirable, better expectation of good relationship Similar attractiveness Desirability + probability of success |
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Individual differences eval |
Rowley (1979) - score on MACHO (sexism) test more affected by attractiveness when shown pic + bio info |
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Support |
Feingold (1988) - meta-analysis of 17 studies, strong correlation between ratings of attractiveness & real partners |
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Three important parts of self disclosure |
Breadth, depth and reciprocity Many topics are off limits (breadth) and cannot go into too much detail (depth) at the start of a relationship but commitment grows as disclosure does. Reciprocation keeps balance for successful relationships |
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2 good evaluations of self disclosure |
Research support - Sprecher & Hendrick found a correlation between several measures of satisfaction and self disclosure Real life application - if less skilled partners learn to self disclose it will enhance their relationships and lives |
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2 bad self disclosure evaluations |
Cultural differences - eg USA discloses a lot more about sexual feelings than in China Correlation Vs Causation - not completely valid conclusions |
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Social Exchange Theory brief outline |
Business model of relationships where costs/rewards are most significant |
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Social Exchange Theory brief outline |
Business model of relationships where costs/rewards are most significant |
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Comparison level |
How much reward one believes they deserve from a relationship |
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Comparison level for alternatives |
We will only leave a relationship if the alternatives are greater than the profit we already get |
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Negative evaluations for SET |
Many don't accept the economic metaphor as it is an oversimplification and only applies to exchange relationships like between colleagues Argyle points out noone measures profit in a relationship until dissatisfaction has already appeared Limited explanation as it ignores equity |
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Equity theory outline |
Simular to SET but achieving fairness is crucial to fulfilment - noone over or underbenefits |
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1 good and 2 bad evaluations for equity theory |
Support - Utne (1984) found married couples were more satisfied in equitable relationships Cultural differences - collectivist cultures more satisfied when overbenefiting Individual differences - not everyone is concerned with equity - benevolents and entitleds feel differently |
