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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Information-rich polymers of nucleotide monomers |
Nucleic acids |
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The unique sequence of amino acids formng a polypeptide |
Primary protein structure |
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These determine the specific properties of each amino acid |
R groups |
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Polymers that are built from combinations of amino acids |
Proteins |
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Fats that do not have any double bonds |
Saturated Fats |
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A polysaccharide used by insects and crustaceans to build an exoskeleton. |
Chitin |
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The carbohydrate storage molecules found in animals |
Glycogen |
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Reactions that result in polymers being broken down |
Hydrolysis Reaction |
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Type of reaction that links monomers together |
Dehydration reaction |
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A selectively permeable barrier between a cell and its surrounding. |
Plasma Membrane |
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Type of microscope that cannot be used with living speciemens |
Electron microscope |
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Usually consists of a single polynucleotide strand |
RNA |
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Carbohydrate monomers |
Monosaccharides |
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Chains of monomers |
Polymers |
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Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties. |
Isomer |
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Compounds that contain at least one carbon atom |
Organic compounds |
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pH=7 |
pH of a neureal solution |
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a solution in which water is the solvent |
Aqueous solution |
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the tendency of water molecules to stick together |
Cohesion |
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when covalently onded atoms share electrons unequally. |
Polar covalent bond |
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when two ions with opposite charges are held together |
Ionic bonds |
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attraction between positive regions and negative regions of water molecules |
Hyrrogen bonds |
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An atom or molecule with an electrical charge ressulting from gain or losss of electrons |
ion |
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Wen atoms share outershell electrons |
Covalent bond |
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Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses |
Isotopes |
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Number of protons |
Atomic number |
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2 or more elements in a fixed ratio |
Compound |
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Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen |
4 elements that make up 96% of the human body |
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basic chemical units that cannot be broken apart by typical chemical processes |
elements |
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unicellular prokaryotes that live in unusual places |
Organisms in domain archaea |
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small cells that lack a nucleus and other organelles |
prokaryotes |
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chaanges in gene frequencies within a population over time |
Evolution |
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A group of individual that are morphologically similiar and are able to interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring |
Species |
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the father of evolution and natural selection |
Charles Darwin |
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The study of life |
Biology |
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Seven properties associated with living things |
Order Reproduction Growth and development Energy processing Response to the environment Regulation Evolutionary adaptation |
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Hierarchy of life(12) |
Biosphere Ecosystem Community Population Organism Organ system Organs Tissues Cells Organelles Molecules Atoms |
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Contain a nucleus and other organelles |
Eukaryote |
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a change in the frequency of genetic traits in a population through differential survial & reproduction of individuals bearing those traits. |
Natural Selection |
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Agriculture antibiotic resistance Medicines Global warming Pollution Endangering species |
How does bio affect our lives everyday |
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if/then statement |
Prediction |
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widely accepted explanatory idea that supported in scope than a hypothesis; |
Theory |
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common additives to food and water |
Trace Elements |
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Smallest unit of an element |
Atom |
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Sum of its protons and neutrons |
Atomic Mass |
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a single negative charge |
Electrons |
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formed when atoms are held together by covelent bonds. |
Molecule |
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two pairs of electrons are shared |
Double bond |
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Covantlently bonded atoms share electrons equally. |
Non-polar Molecule |
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The clinging of one substance to another |
Adhesion |
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Homogenous mixture of a liquid solvent and more dissolved solutes |
Solution |
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a substance that minimizes changes in pH. |
Buffer |
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has 4 electrons in its outer shell. |
Carbon Atom |
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chain of carbon atoms in an organic molecule |
Carbon Skeleton |
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Hydroxyl Carbonyl group Carboxyl Amino group Phosphate group |
5 main groups in chemistry of life |
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Carbohydrates Proteins Lipid Nucleic acid |
4 classes of biological molecules |
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Specialized macromolecultes needed to make and break bonds |
Enzymes |
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Lipids composed of 4 fused ring structures |
Steroids |
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Compound from whihc we synthesize sex horomones. |
Cholesterol |
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The coiling or folding of the chain, stablized by hydrogen bonding. |
Secondary structure |
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3d shape of th epolupeptide |
Tertiary structure |
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the association of two or more polypeptide chains |
Quaternary structure |
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a double helix |
DNA |
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Compounds with C and H only. |
Hydrocarbons |
