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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain the introduction for LO & Deliberate Practise in DES essay. |
Exceptional skill = expertise - involves deliberate practise. LO = idea that one can cultivate talent for joy. DP = particular type of practise. Will show DP = necessary, and LO necessary only in competition, but merely sufficient otherwise. |
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What is Paragraph 1 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
What is expertise? |
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Describe What is expertise? - Paragraph 1 of LO & DP in DES. |
Dev. of expertise. Schemas - experts have better organised schema. More able to trigger appropriate schema for solutions to problems. Masters in domain (Chi, Glaser & Farr). Skill doesn't cross over - Ericsson & Charness. Norman = characterisation of expertise - smooth, automaticity, mental degradation, effort - like driving. Maguire = taxi drivers hippocampi. |
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What is Paragraph 2 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
Bloom 3 types of practise. |
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Describe Bloom 3 types of practise - Paragraph 2 of LO & DP in DES essay. |
Bloom (1981) - 3 types of practise. 1. Play (children's sociocognitive development) 2. Deliberate practise (individualised training by trainer) 3. Work 1 &3 = forms of deliberate practise. Deliberate practise = most important! |
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What is Paragraph 3 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
Knowledge vs. Deliberate practise. |
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Describe Knowledge vs. Deliberate Practise - Paragraph 3 of LO & DP in DES essay. |
High level of K not possible without prior DP. e.g. Chess grandmaster - De Groot. Watching video? Still = training! Greater knowledge = better performance of skill & thus development of exceptional skill (Voss, Spilich & Chiesi). K = key aspect of expertise - happens because of DP. Chase & Simon - expert knowledge organised differently - organisation methods, e.g. chunking. So DP = higher order/sacrament. But how much? |
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What is Paragraph 4 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
10 year rule. |
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Describe 10 year rule - Paragraph 4 of LO & DP in DES essay. |
Simon & Chase - 10 year rule. e.g. Crossman cigar roller. Therefore 10 years = guide as to when improvements decrease. |
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What is Paragraph 5 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
What is learned optimism? |
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Describe What is learned optimism? - Paragraph 5 of LO & DP in DES essay. |
Seligman: positive psych, learned optimism - sufficient for dip in progress - i.e. for motivation. Key idea in CBT. 3 positive things: Peterson - increases happiness & decreases symptoms of depression. Seligman & Peterson: Character strengths for "good" person. |
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What is Paragraph 6 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
Positive explanatory style: ABC (DE). |
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Describe Positive explanatory style: ABC (DE) - paragraph 6 of LO & DP in DES essay. |
Positive explanatory style towards problems. Adversity - trying to lose weight, didn't go to gym today. Belief - pessimistic "I can't do anything" Consequence - depressed for rest of the week. Disputation - "Hold on a minute..." Energisation - imagine worst case scenario & just keep going! NHS Study (2014) efficacy of CBT for depression. Relevant for DES in competition. |
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What is Paragraph 7 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
Not the whole picture. |
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Describe Not the whole picture - Paragraph 7 of LO & DP in DES essay. |
LO isn't the whole picture - e.g. coincidence, practise etc. Despite Ericsson some people just better at things than others - Nigella. LO depends on DES but DES doesn't depend on LO - it's merely helpful for DES! |
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What is Paragraph 8 of LO & DP in DES essay? |
Personal account. |
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Describe Personal account - Paragraph 8 of LO & DP in DES essay. |
LO in relation to DEP in being happy is useful for depression but after CBT runs out - difficult to self-guide & upkeep. Therefore, not necessary factor. Need a constant support network. |
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Explain the conclusion of LO & DP in DES essay. |
LO = sufficient, but DP = necessary for DES. |
