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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Participant motivation usually is the result of
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a combination of personal and situational factors
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Achievement motivation can be best viewed as a(n)
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personality factor
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As used in the sport psychology literature, motivation can refer to
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- an internal personality characteristic
- an external influence - a consequence of or an explanation for behavior |
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What is critical in affecting the performance and behavior of sport and exercise participants?
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- motivation
- physiology - biomechanics - sociological factors |
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The most difficult but most important component of structuring sport & exercise environments to meet an athlete's or exerciser's needs is
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individualizing coaching and teaching
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In a general sense, motivation can be defined as
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the intensity and direction of one's effort
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Competence motivation theory was based on the research of development psychologist
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Susan Harter
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Attribution theory focuses on
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how individuals explain their success and failure
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Trait anxiety refers to ______ anxiety, whereas state anxiety refers to _______ anxiety.
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general; momentary
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A weakness in the psychodynamic approach is its
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- sole focus on internal determinants of behavior
- lack of attention to the social environment |
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Test anxiety is an example of a
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situation-specific state measure
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The interactional approach assumes that
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- situational and personal variables are codeterminants of behavior
- highly aggressive people, for example, will usually react in an aggressive manner when placed in an aggressive situation |
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The situational approach to personality assumes that
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- individuals behave differently across situations
- if the situation is strong, the effect of personality traits would be minimal |
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The most superficial and therefore most easily changed part of a personality structure is its
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role-related behavior
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To better understand personality, you should
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consider both personality traits and states
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Sport psychology specialists have three roles. These include
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- teaching
- research - consulting |
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Behavior is determined by the interaction of the environment and personal makeup of the performer. This idea is an example of
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social-psychological orientation
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The limitations of professional practice knowledge include its
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- susceptibility to biasing influences
- uncertain reliability - lack of explanations |
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Sport and exercise psychology is the first and foremost
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science
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Knowledge gained through experience working in exercise and sport science field situations is called
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professional practice knowledge
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The ultimate goal of science is
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theory
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The least reliable method of obtaining knowledge is
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intuition
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The strength of professional practice knowledge is it
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- holistic nature
- innovative contribution |
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A substantial imbalance between demand and response capability under conditions in which failure has important consequences refers to
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stress
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There is a direct relationship between one's level of
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trait anxiety & state anxiety
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Arousal refers to the
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intensity of motivation
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A highly trait-anxious athlete (compared to a less trait-anxious athlete) would perceive competition as
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more threatening and more anxiety producing
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Increased arousal affects attentional focus in which of the following ways?
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narrowing of focus
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Multidimensional anxiety theory predicts
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- a negative relationship between cognitive anxiety and performance
- an inverted-U relationship between somatic anxiety and performance |
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According to catastrophe theory, to recover from a catastrophe the athlete must
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- completely relax physically
- control her worries through cognitive restructuring - reactivate herself in a controlled manner |
