Engineering Fundamentals

Front 1

Chief Engineer (CHENG)

Back 1

Head of the Engineering Dept responsible, under the CO, for the operation, care, and maintenance of all propulsion and auxiliary machinery, the control of damage, and upon request of the head of the dept concerned, the accomplishment of repairs beyond their capabilities.

Front 2

Main Propulsion Assistant (MPA)

Back 2

Operation, care, and maintenance of the ship’s propulsion machinery and such other auxiliaries as may be assigned.

Front 3

Engineering Officer of the Watch (EOOW)

Back 3

Responsible for the proper performance of engineering plant and safety while underway. In charge of main propulsion plant and associated auxiliaries. Reports to the OOD.

Front 4

Engineering Duty Officer (EDO)

Back 4

Responsible to the CDO for the watches and care of equipment while inport. Also in charge of the fire party.

Front 5

Cold Iron watch/In-port equipment monitor

Back 5

Maintains watch on operating auxiliary systems and equipment. Acts as a security watch in the engine room: also a fire and flooding watch. Makes frequent inspections of his assigned areas and reports any unusual conditions to the OOD. Watch is located in the FWD and AFT Main.

Front 6

Sound and Security watch

Back 6

Conducts a continuous patrol of unmanned spaces taking periodic soundings of tanks and spaces.

Front 7

Oil King/Water King

Back 7

Responsible for the water and fuels onboard.

Front 8

Gas Free Engineer

Back 8

Responsible for the testing of all spaces that may have been overrun by gases. Only the gas free engineer can certify space safe to enter. DCA is the gas free engineer.

Front 9

Fire Marshall

Back 9

Responsible to the CDO for the inport Fire Party.

Front 10

Engineering log

Back 10

A complete daily record of events involving engineering. Record of all pertinent information pertaining to the operation of the ship’s propulsion system. A legal document that is held onboard for a period of 3 years. Maintained by EOOW.

Front 11

Engineering bell book

Back 11

Contains all changes of speed to the ship’s main engines in RPM and other orders received by the throttleman regarding propeller RPM. A legal document.

Front 12

Engineering night orders

Back 12

Orders written by the CHENG covering any special instructions and comments, normally covering the time between 2000 and 0800.

Front 13

Liquid load plan (draft report)

Back 13

Contains draft of ship forward, aft, and mean draft. Submitted daily to the CO.

Front 14

Daily fuel and water report

Back 14

Report of ship’s liquid load, including amount of fuel, lube oil, and water on hand. Also includes the previous day’s feed and potable water, results of tests on water, and steaming hour. Signed by CHENG, MPA, and Oil King.

Front 15

Naval Ships’ Technical Manual (NSTM)

Back 15

Manuals containing instruction and guidance concerning shipboard procedures, equipment repairs, testing, and overall management of materials, equipment and systems.

Front 16

Engineering standing orders

Back 16

Standardized sequence of procedures for the normal operation of the ship’s propulsion plant, including normal evolutions.

Front 17

Ships’ Information Book (SIB)

Back 17

Document covering general info about the ship, such as length, beam, ship’s mission, equipment held onboard, general description, etc.

Front 18

Engineering Operational Sequencing System (EOSS)

Back 18

EOP and EOCC.

Front 19

Engineering Department Organization Manual (EDORM)-

Back 19

Maintained at the department level, contains the duties of personnel, organizational chain of command, and basically what is expected of each individual in the department.

Front 20

Main Space Fire-Fighting Doctrine

Back 20

Detailed instruction for fighting a fire in the main space, including personnel, plant reconfiguration and methods. Copies are held in DC Central, Repair lockers, Main Control, and the QD.

Front 21

Boat report

Back 21

Report submitted by the BM’s stating the equipment status on the boats.

Front 22

Operational logs

Back 22

Individual equipment log. Allows establishing a history.

Front 23

Jacking over main engine/reduction gears, shafting and propellers

Back 23

Main engines are engaged with jacking gear to turn the shaft at a very slow speed. This is done to keep the shaft from warping.

Front 24

Stopping and locking the shaft

Back 24

A casualty and control measure taken to minimize damage if necessary to secure engineering plant while underway.

Front 25

Refueling operations

Back 25

Split-plant operation would be used during refueling, to ensure max safety of vessel in case of engineering casualty.

Front 26

Full power trial

Back 26

Split plant operation would be used when max reliability is required.

Front 27

Generation

Back 27

Changing liquid to a gas. The generation function takes place in the boiler, where fuel is burned to produce heat. When the water becomes hot enough, “bubbles” form and rise through the water in the boiler tubes. These bubbles are a vapor (steam). The steam collects in the upper part of the steam drum. The saturated steam leaves the steam drum and passes through the tubes of the superheater section of the boiler.

Front 28

Expansion

Back 28

Changing thermal energy into mechanical energy. The high-pressure, high-temp steam is carried from the superheater outlet of the boiler to the HP turbine of the main engine. The superheated steam passing through the turbine expands with the turbine, where thermal energy is converted to mechanical energy to turn the rotor of the turbine. The steam exhausted from the HP turbine is sent to the inlet of the LP turbine, where it is allowed to expand even more as it passes through the LP turbine blades.

Front 29

Condensation

Back 29

Changing a gas to a liquid. The exhaust steam from the LP turbine goes into the main condenser, where the condensation phase begins. As the steam passes over the tubes in the condenser, heat flows out of the steam into the seawater, which carries the energy away from it on its way out of the main condenser. When enough heat has been extracted from the steam, the molecules change back into liquid.

Front 30

Feed

Back 30

A combination of distilled water and condensate used by the boiler in the process of making steam.

Front 31

inter-relationship of the prime mover and reduction gears

Back 31

The main shafting transfers torque generated from the main engine to the propeller. The bearings are used as guides or supports on the rotating shaft. The propeller pushes the ship through the water, using the end result of the mechanical energy produced.

Front 32

Reduction gear

Back 32

Connects the turbines and shafts. Reduces the high RPMs of the turbines to a working, more efficient speed. Reduces the speed to allow proper RPM at the propellers.

Front 33

Lube oil pumps

Back 33

Provide lubrication for the turbine bearings and the reduction gears.

Front 34

Shaft turning (jacking) gear

Back 34

Used to turn shaft and prevent bowing of the shaft when shaft is idle for long periods of time.

Front 35

Main thrust bearing

Back 35

Absorbs thrust of the propeller via the shaft. Attached to the reduction gear.

Front 36

Shafting

Back 36

Transmits power from the main reduction gears to the propellers.

Front 37

Line shaft bearings

Back 37

Transmits power from the main reduction gears to the propellers.

Front 38

Bulkhead stuffing boxes

Back 38

Located where shaft penetrates a bulkhead. Provides watertight integrity

Front 39

Stern tube stuffing box

Back 39

Located in the shaft ally where shaft penetrates the hull of the ship.

Front 40

Shaft seal

Back 40

Located in the stern tube. Mechanical seal used to seal the shaft as it penetrates the hull, preventing water from entering the ship.

Front 41

Inflatable shaft seal

Back 41

Located in the stern tube. Used to allow maintenance by inflating with air, sealing the shaft.

Front 42

Stern tube bearing

Back 42

Rubber strip bearing at each end of the stern tube, water lubricated.

Front 43

Strut bearing

Back 43

Outside the hull of the ship. Last support device for the shaft before the propeller.

Front 44

Propeller

Back 44

Uses the mechanical energy produced to move the ship through the water.

Front 45

Low pressure

Back 45

Compressed air, usually between 100-125 psi, used to operate ship’s whistle, siren, fresh water pressurizing, etc.

Front 46

Priority valves

Back 46

Shuts automatically, securing air to non-vital components when pressure drops.

Front 47

Dehydrators

Back 47

Dries compressed air by removing moisture.

Front 48

basic function of the Potable Water Service/Transfer system.

Back 48

Fresh water can be distilled from sea water when the ship is underway/at anchor, or can be taken from the pier. The potable water can be transferred between storage tanks via internal piping system for purposes of ship’s stability, or for the needs of separate areas of the ship.

Front 49

Potable water storage tanks

Back 49

Used exclusively for storage of fresh water.

Front 50

Valve manifold

Back 50

A filling, transfer, and suction manifold is provided in pump suction line to allow the pump to take suction while tanks are being filled from distillation plant, or from shore connection.

Front 51

Fresh water pumps

Back 51

Takes suction from any of the storage tanks and discharges to either fitting/transfer mains or service mains. Pressurizes the system.

Front 52

Hypochlorinators/brominator

Back 52

Used to treat stored water, freeing them from contaminants.

Front 53

Potable water risers

Back 53

Used for connection for obtaining fresh water from pier/outside source, and for the discharge of the system.

Front 54

storage requirements for calcium hypochlorite

Back 54

Must be stowed in cool, dry, vented locker in ventilated space. It can only be mixed with water. Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Contact with grease, oil, etc. may cause fire.

Front 55

naval distilling plants

Back 55

1. Flash-type 2. Submergible tube 3. Reverse Osmosis

Front 56

safety/sanitation requirements for handling shore source fresh water

Back 56

Do not have the same persons handling sewage and fresh water.

Front 57

special handling and storage requirements for bromide cartridges

Back 57

Face shield, rubber gloves, rubber apron, and well ventilated.

Front 58

purpose of the Ships’ Service Electrical Distribution system

Back 58

To maintain power at all times. Underway the power is generated by the SSTGs, inport it is hooked to shore power.

Front 59

Ship's service/emergency generators

Back 59

Generates auxiliary electricity.

Front 60

Switchboards

Back 60

Controls/monitors/distributes power.

Front 61

Bus ties

Back 61

Connects 2 or more switchboards so that generators can be operated in parallel.

Front 62

Disconnect links

Back 62

Separates the system so as to be able to isolate a portion in case of damage.

Front 63

Circuit breakers

Back 63

Safety measure to regulate current.

Front 64

Refrigeration plants

Back 64

Used to cool the ship’s stores, cargo, water, and for AC.

Front 65

Compressor

Back 65

Takes low pressure Freon gas and compresses it into higher pressure liquid. Located in each air conditioning room or unit. Pumps heat from the cold side to the hot side of the system.

Front 66

Evaporator/cooling coil

Back 66

Evaporation takes place when a liquid is changed into a vapor or gas.

Front 67

Condenser/heat exchanger

Back 67

Converts the Freon from gas to liquid.

Front 68

Thermal expansion valve

Back 68

Metering device that measures the amount of refrigerant allowed into the evaporator and chiller.

Front 69

Steering motors-

Back 69

Turns the pump.

Front 70

Steering pumps

Back 70

Move the fluid

Front 71

Steering gear

Back 71

Turns the rudders.

Front 72

different methods of operating the steering gear (controlling the rudders).

Back 72

1. Bridge 2. Secondary con (ACC Room) 3. Emergency Steering 4. Trick Wheel 5. Racket Assembly

Front 73

purpose of the ship’s degaussing folder.

Back 73

Navigator keeps a folder that relates all changes, deletions, etc. to the degaussing system. The Degaussing Folder is an official ship's log. It contains information on the magnetic treatment of the ship, instructions for operating the shipboard Degaussing System, degaussing charts with the values for the current and loop settings, installation information forms, compass compensation forms, and a log section showing details of the magnetic treatment of the action taken on the ship's Degaussing System. The folder is prepared by the degaussing range when the ship's system is initially calibrated.

Front 74

Fuel Oil Quality Management Program

Back 74

Provides procedures for the receipt and transfer of fuel; stripping and inspection of tanks; safety precautions for handling fuel; laboratory analysis of fuel samples; and accountability logs and test record requirements.

Front 75

Lube Oil Quality Management Program

Back 75

To establish policy, define objectives, assign responsibility, and provide requirements and procedures for the monitoring and analysis of the quality of lubricating and hydraulic oils used in machinery aboard ships and service craft.

Front 76

purpose of Navy Oil Analysis Program (NOAP).

Back 76

Covered by PMS, Planned Maintenance System. Samples are sent to NOAP for analysis.

Front 77

Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement Program.

Back 77

To avoid environmental damage due to contamination by oil from the ship.

Front 78

Oil spill containment kit

Back 78

Consists of absorbent mats, herding agent, rags, buckets, swabs, etc.

Front 79

Oil spill containment boom/trawler

Back 79

Used to surround and contain the oil spill until it can be cleaned

Front 80

purpose of marine sanitation devices

Back 80

To protect the environment from any contaminants disposed of by the ship.

Front 81

equipment, protective clothing and disinfectants used during sewage spill clean-up operations.

Back 81

Coveralls, rubber boots, rubber gloves, and hair covering. Wash down with detergent.