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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Einthoven’s Law |
Lead 1 + Lead 3 = Lead 2 Calculates amplitude of QRS Complex |
Leads, amp |
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What is considered the normal position of the heart? |
+30 to +90 degrees |
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A shift of the direction of QRS complex resulting in between -30 and -90 degrees. degrees this indicates |
Left axis deviation |
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Shift in direction of QRS axis to +90 and +180 degrees indicates |
Right Axis Deviation |
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What does a ECG or EKG do |
Determines hearts electrical axis |
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What does the Ground Electrode do? |
Make sure we are recording the right signal of the heart so it doesn’t pick up signals from other muscles |
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What is the Ground Electrode |
Black lead |
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What occurs during Isovolumetric Relaxation? |
Blood volume doesn’t go up or down, however pressure decreases because all valves are closed |
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What does ESV |
Volume of blood after it has been pumped out |
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When pressure is present in the left Atrium this causes |
Valve A to open and blood rushes rapidly |
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What happens during ventricular filling |
Left ventricle fills with blood and blood flows fast into ventricles. This is a three part filling |
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What are the three part filling in ventricular filling? |
A - rapid filling: muscles are filling B - diastasis: blood slows down C - atrial systole: atria is contracting and pushing blood into ventricles |
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Isovolumetric Contraction: |
Ventricles contract but hasn’t pump any blood out, pressure increases Contraction —> Ventricular Systole |
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What happens during point B and C during Isovolumetric contraction. |
B - bycompass closing C - semilunar valve open so blood can flow out |
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Ventricular Emptying |
Emptying of blood Point C to D: semilunar valve is closing and blood goes back around again |
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Left ventricular pressure volume loop graph measures |
Pressure (mmHg) vs. Vol (ml) |
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Einthoven Triangle |
Equilateral triangle at the center of where the heart is. Each side represents one of the bipolar limb leads. They are electrically the same distance from 0 point in the center of the heart. |
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What is the cause of LAD ( left axis deviation ) |
Cause: left ventricle takes longer than normal to depolarize. Ex: hypertrophy |
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What is the cause of RAD (right axis deviation) |
Cause: long narrow chest and ventricle heart - slowing or blockage of depolarization signal for right ventricle. |
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What normal factors effect a change in the orientation of the Mean ventricular QRS axis |
- difference in heart mass - position of heart in the thorax - body mass index - change in body position |
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what factors affect the amplitude of the R wave recorded on the different leads |
- The distance between the heart and electrodes - thickness of intervening tissues |
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Label A - F |
A: (RA) Right arm B: (LA) Left arm C: (LL) Left leg D: Lead 2 E: Lead 3 F: Lead 1 |
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