Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
143 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
4 functions of environmental health |
Vector and pest control Food hygiene and safety Occupational health and safety Environmental monitoring Communicable diseases prevention and control Water quality monitoring and analysis |
|
|
DNBI Definition |
A person who is not a battle casualty, but is lost to the organisation by reason of disease or injury |
|
|
4 organisations available for 4th line EH support |
AMD- army medical directorate CAM- raf centre of aviation medicine INM- institute of naval medicine DMS(W)- defence medical services Whittington |
|
|
Notifiable disease |
It is any disease that is required by law to be reported to government authorities/ local authorities |
|
|
3 roles and responsibilities of CHA |
Identify hazards within an AOR Undertake threat assessments Implement force health protection measures Advise the CoC on the measures necessary to manage/mitigate risks |
|
|
State 2 cold related illness PREVENTION Measures |
Water intake Nutritional intake Environmental condo(WBGT) Wet/dry drills Work intensity Layered clothing Acclimatisation Individual risk factors Clothing and equipment |
|
|
What would an FMED 85 need to be completed? |
When it is suspected that someone has an infectious communicable disease When you have confirmation that someone has an infectious communicable disease |
|
|
Ingestion borne diseases of military importance WILDCATSGP |
Worms Infective hepatitis Leptospirosis Dysentery (bacillary) Cholera Amoebic dysentery Typhoid Schistosomiasis Gastroenteritis Polio |
|
|
General prevention and control measures that can be employed at the SOURCE of ingestion borne diseases |
Treatment of cases Health education Isolation Notification/investigation Disinfection if patient discharge, utensils, bedding etc
|
|
|
General prevention and control measures that can be employed at the ROUTE of ingestion borne disease |
Treatment/ protection of water supply Good waste disposal Good food preparation and correct storage Cleanliness of premises, crockery, utensils Good personal hygiene of food handlers Medical screening of all catering staff Insect and rodent control Camp siting Field sanitation/ hygiene |
|
|
Who is the TARGET of disease |
A healthy but susceptible human or animal |
|
|
Routes organisms enter the body |
Eyes Mouth Nose Genitals Anus Injection Open cuts and sores |
|
|
Chain of infection |
SOURCE ROUTE TARGET |
|
|
5 C’s (sources of disease) |
Corpse Convalescent Carrier Case Contact |
|
|
Ways food and water can get contaminated |
Poor waste disposal Poor food hygiene Untreated water Rodents Flies and cockroaches |
|
|
Communicable |
A disease that passes between animal and human, human and animal |
|
|
Non communicable |
A disease that cannot be passed. From animal to human, humans to animal |
|
|
Micro organisms that spread communicable disease |
Bacteria Viruses Fungi Parasites |
|
|
How often are epiNATO recorded and collected |
Weekly |
|
|
2 methods of clinical waste disposal |
Sharps box Bagging |
|
|
2 types of insecticide in the military |
Residual Knockdown |
|
|
2 pieces of equipment used to spread insecticides |
Swingfog Compression sprayer |
|
|
Define outbreak |
Two or more cases of communicable disease which are/ may be linked by time and/or space |
|
|
5 steps of health risk management process |
Hazard identification Identification of the population at risk Risk assessment Risk management Monitoring activities( audit& surveillance) |
|
|
Climatic injuries military personnel can get in a cold climate |
Frost bite Frost nip Hypothermia Wind burn Trench foot Contact injuries Carbon monoxide poisoning Snow blindness |
|
|
2 principles of risk management |
Prevention and control |
|
|
Case definition |
An individual suffering from a disease with recognisable signs and symptoms |
|
|
Carrier definition |
An apparently healthy human or animal that harbours potential pathogenic organisms and can possibly transmit these pathogens to others |
|
|
Contact definition |
A human or animal who has been exposed to a disease and as a result may have contracted it |
|
|
2 principles of risk management |
Prevention and control |
|
|
Case definition |
An individual suffering from a disease with recognisable signs and symptoms |
|
|
Carrier definition |
An apparently healthy human or animal that harbours potential pathogenic organisms and can possibly transmit these pathogens to others |
|
|
Contact definition |
A human or animal who has been exposed to a disease and as a result may have contracted it |
|
|
Corpse definition |
A dead or decaying human or animal that may be capable of transmitting disease |
|
|
2 principles of risk management |
Prevention and control |
|
|
Case definition |
An individual suffering from a disease with recognisable signs and symptoms |
|
|
Carrier definition |
An apparently healthy human or animal that harbours potential pathogenic organisms and can possibly transmit these pathogens to others |
|
|
Contact definition |
A human or animal who has been exposed to a disease and as a result may have contracted it |
|
|
Corpse definition |
A dead or decaying human or animal that may be capable of transmitting disease |
|
|
Convalescent definition |
A human or animal who is recovering from a disease but is still infective |
|
|
2 main ways contact disease can spread |
Indirect Direct |
|
|
What is EpiNATO and where is it used |
It is a nato health surveillance system used in deployed military environments |
|
|
What is USSR and name some |
Urine- funnel urinal, female urinal Soil- deep trench Latrine, bag latrine Sullage- improvised strainer and soakage pit, royal engineers grease trap and soakage pit Refuse- burns pit, oil drum incinerator |
|
|
Reporting procedures for a case of climatic illness |
Template form jsp 539 Heat and cold injury template on dmicp |
|
|
2 types of freezing cold injury |
Frost nip Frost bite |
|
|
Contact disease |
Herpes Warts STI’s HIV Veruca Scabies Impetigo Gingivitis |
|
|
How often should water sampling be Carried out |
Daily- chlorine testing Weekly- bacteriological testing Quarterly- chemical testing |
|
|
How long do you stay in short halt camp |
Up to 24hrs |
|
|
How long do you stay in short halt camp |
Up to 24hrs |
|
|
How long do you stay in a temporary camp |
24hrs to 7 days |
|
|
How long would u stay in a semi permanent camp |
7 days to 6months |
|
|
How long would you stay in a permanent camp |
6 months + |
|
|
Requirements to look for when you are selecting a water source |
Fast flowing Upstream from industrial discharges Upstream from human habitats Oxygenated Have minimal vegetation |
|
|
Advantages of incinerating and burning waste |
Reduces the size of waste Heat produced can be reused Makes the waste less attractive to pests( renders waste harmless) |
|
|
3 medical force protection hazards |
Chemical hazard Biological hazard Physical hazard |
|
|
types of external DNBI’s that could be identified during a health risk management process |
Climate Disease Flora and fauna EIH- environmental industrial hazards |
|
|
Personalities involved in 1st line EH support |
CHA CHD CO Unit medical staff( can accept CMT, UMO) |
|
|
Roles and responsibilities of CHD Personnel |
Maintain unit water supply Identify and control disease vectors and pests Apply and maintain appropriate op sanitation measures |
|
|
USSR |
Urine Soil ( faecal matter) Sullage( contaminated water) Refuse( rubbish) |
|
|
USSR |
Urine Soil ( faecal matter) Sullage( contaminated water) Refuse( rubbish) |
|
|
5 methods of auditing and surveillance used in the health risk management process |
Lab reports FMED 85 Specific monitoring EHT audits Local medical intelligence |
|
|
Roles and responsibilities of CMT in the medical force protection |
Policy’s and procedures Monitoring and investigating Training and advice |
|
|
USSR |
Urine Soil ( faecal matter) Sullage( contaminated water) Refuse( rubbish) |
|
|
5 methods of auditing and surveillance used in the health risk management process |
Lab reports FMED 85 Specific monitoring EHT audits Local medical intelligence |
|
|
Roles and responsibilities of CMT in the medical force protection |
Policy’s and procedures Monitoring and investigating Training and advice |
|
|
What is health |
A state of complete PHYSICAL , MENTAL, and SOCIAL-WELL-BEING and not merely the ABSENCES of DISEASE |
|
|
USSR |
Urine Soil ( faecal matter) Sullage( contaminated water) Refuse( rubbish) |
|
|
5 methods of auditing and surveillance used in the health risk management process |
Lab reports FMED 85 Specific monitoring EHT audits Local medical intelligence |
|
|
Roles and responsibilities of CMT in the medical force protection |
Policy’s and procedures Monitoring and investigating Training and advice |
|
|
What is health |
A state of complete PHYSICAL , MENTAL, and SOCIAL-WELL-BEING and not merely the ABSENCES of DISEASE |
|
|
3 impacts does communicable disease have on the fighting force |
Manpower wastage Waste limited resources Unit mission failure |
|
|
USSR |
Urine Soil ( faecal matter) Sullage( contaminated water) Refuse( rubbish) |
|
|
5 methods of auditing and surveillance used in the health risk management process |
Lab reports FMED 85 Specific monitoring EHT audits Local medical intelligence |
|
|
Roles and responsibilities of CMT in the medical force protection |
Policy’s and procedures Monitoring and investigating Training and advice |
|
|
What is health |
A state of complete PHYSICAL , MENTAL, and SOCIAL-WELL-BEING and not merely the ABSENCES of DISEASE |
|
|
3 impacts does communicable disease have on the fighting force |
Manpower wastage Waste limited resources Unit mission failure |
|
|
Types of internal DNBI’s that could be identified during the health risk management process |
Disease Waste Food and water Premises Processes |
|
|
Population at risk when calculating the health risk management process |
Friendly forces Local civilian population Local employed civilians Prisoners of war Detained personnel |
|
|
What is the name of the kit test used for the residual chlorine level in water |
Lovibond check it |
|
|
When should you de taste water? |
Only Immediately before the water will be consumed or used |
|
|
WBGT stand for |
Wet bulb globe thermometer |
|
|
2 methods of soil disposal used in semi permanent Camp |
Deep trench Latrine Receptacle Latrine/ wag bag |
|
|
Devices used for incinerating refuse in semi permanent camp |
Oil drum incinerator Inclined plan incinerator Burns pit Semi enclosed incinerator |
|
|
What is the name of the chemical used to disinfect bulk water supplies |
Calcium hypochlorite |
|
|
Occasions when the contact period for water disinfection will be increased from 15 to 30mins |
When there is no test kit available When the temperature is <5 degrees When schistosomiasis is known to be present or suspected |
|
|
What is the WBGT used for |
To measure environmental conditions |
|
|
2 main methods used to disinfect water and provide examples each |
Physical disinfection- boiling Chemical disinfection- calcium hypochlorite |
|
|
What’s the name of the form used for notification of an infectious communicable diseases |
FMED 85 |
|
|
What’s the name of the form used for notification of an infectious communicable diseases |
FMED 85 |
|
|
What’s the purpose of clarifying water |
To remove/ filter suspended impurities to improve the effectiveness of chemical disinfectants |
|
|
What are three main items of PPE you would wear when handling clinical waste |
Gloves/ Apron/ lab coat Protective eye wear Latex vinyl gloves |
|
|
2 contamination categories found in water and examples |
Suspended- leaves/ twigs/ sand/ grit/ sediments/ sewage/ diseased organisms Dissolvents- chemical/ toxic waste/ detergents/ salts/ pesticides/ chemical war agents/ heavy metals |
|
|
Name a method of soil disposal in a temporary camp |
Shallow trench Latrine |
|
|
Methods of urine disposal used in semi permanent camp |
Funnel urinal Female urinal Trough urinal |
|
|
Name a method of sullage disposal used in a temporary camp |
Improvised grease strainer and soakage pit |
|
|
Name a method of sullage disposal used in a temporary camp |
Improvised grease strainer and soakage pit |
|
|
2 main considerations when selecting a water source |
Quality and quantity |
|
|
Under normal circumstances how much time should you give calcium hypochlorite disinfect water |
15mins |
|
|
Name a method of sullage disposal used in a temporary camp |
Improvised grease strainer and soakage pit |
|
|
2 main considerations when selecting a water source |
Quality and quantity |
|
|
Under normal circumstances how much time should you give calcium hypochlorite disinfect water |
15mins |
|
|
Name the chemical used to achieve the 6th principle of water purification |
Sodium thiosulphate or sodium thiosulphate penetahydrate crystals |
|
|
Name a method of sullage disposal used in a temporary camp |
Improvised grease strainer and soakage pit |
|
|
2 main considerations when selecting a water source |
Quality and quantity |
|
|
Under normal circumstances how much time should you give calcium hypochlorite disinfect water |
15mins |
|
|
Name the chemical used to achieve the 6th principle of water purification |
Sodium thiosulphate or sodium thiosulphate penetahydrate crystals |
|
|
Diseases associated with water |
Worms Infective hepatitis Leptospirosis Dysentery( bacillary) Cholera Amoebic dysentery Typhoid Schistosomiasis Gastroenteritis Polio |
|
|
Name a method of sullage disposal used in a temporary camp |
Improvised grease strainer and soakage pit |
|
|
2 main considerations when selecting a water source |
Quality and quantity |
|
|
Under normal circumstances how much time should you give calcium hypochlorite disinfect water |
15mins |
|
|
Name the chemical used to achieve the 6th principle of water purification |
Sodium thiosulphate or sodium thiosulphate penetahydrate crystals |
|
|
Diseases associated with water |
Worms Infective hepatitis Leptospirosis Dysentery( bacillary) Cholera Amoebic dysentery Typhoid Schistosomiasis Gastroenteritis Polio |
|
|
Each stage of the Principles of water purification |
Selection of source Clarification Disinfection Contact period Test Detaste |
|
|
Name a method of sullage disposal used in a temporary camp |
Improvised grease strainer and soakage pit |
|
|
2 main considerations when selecting a water source |
Quality and quantity |
|
|
Under normal circumstances how much time should you give calcium hypochlorite disinfect water |
15mins |
|
|
Name the chemical used to achieve the 6th principle of water purification |
Sodium thiosulphate or sodium thiosulphate penetahydrate crystals |
|
|
Diseases associated with water |
Worms Infective hepatitis Leptospirosis Dysentery( bacillary) Cholera Amoebic dysentery Typhoid Schistosomiasis Gastroenteritis Polio |
|
|
Each stage of the Principles of water purification |
Selection of source Clarification Disinfection Contact period Test Detaste |
|
|
Arthropod diseases |
Leishmaniasis Malaria Yellow fever Plague Epidemic typhus Relapsing fever Trypanosomiasis Encephalitis Murine typhus Scrub typhus |
|
|
When recce for water how far upstream should you check |
2km |
|
|
Airborne diseases |
Chicken pox Measle mumps and rubella Scarlet fever Diphtheria Pertussis Avian flu/ swine flu/ flu Meningitis Tb Common cold Anthrax Small pox |
|
|
Method of clarify water |
Filtration Sedimentation |
|
|
Climatic injuries in hot climate |
Heat stroke Heat exhaustion Heat cramps Heat syncope( fainting) Sunburn Prickly heat |
|
|
Who has the Overall responsibilities for the health and safety of soldiers in a regiment |
CO- commanding officer |
|
|
How long does it take to acclimatise |
10- 14 days |
|
|
What would the FMED 85 be sent after completion |
Single service focal point/ AMD Consultant in communicable disease control(CCDC)/proper officer(uk) One copy retained As locally instructed Regional command(RC) EH staff |
|
|
What would the FMED 85 be sent after completion |
Single service focal point/ AMD Consultant in communicable disease control(CCDC)/proper officer(uk) One copy retained As locally instructed Regional command(RC) EH staff |
|
|
Describe biological transmission of an arthropod disease |
An insect carries a disease organisms within its body These multiply inside the insect and pass to humans through taking of a blood meal. |
|
|
What would the FMED 85 be sent after completion |
Single service focal point/ AMD Consultant in communicable disease control(CCDC)/proper officer(uk) One copy retained As locally instructed Regional command(RC) EH staff |
|
|
Describe biological transmission of an arthropod disease |
An insect carries a disease organisms within its body These multiply inside the insect and pass to humans through taking of a blood meal. |
|
|
Describe mechanical transmission of an arthropod disease |
The insect is carrying a pathogen on its body or jaws or in its faeces Transmission is caused by bite, defecation or deposition from the body onto food, surfaces or person. |
|
|
What would the FMED 85 be sent after completion |
Single service focal point/ AMD Consultant in communicable disease control(CCDC)/proper officer(uk) One copy retained As locally instructed Regional command(RC) EH staff |
|
|
Describe biological transmission of an arthropod disease |
An insect carries a disease organisms within its body These multiply inside the insect and pass to humans through taking of a blood meal. |
|
|
Describe mechanical transmission of an arthropod disease |
The insect is carrying a pathogen on its body or jaws or in its faeces Transmission is caused by bite, defecation or deposition from the body onto food, surfaces or person. |
|
|
Name the joint service publication number for climatic injury prevention and treatment in the armed forces |
JSP 539 |
|
|
What would the FMED 85 be sent after completion |
Single service focal point/ AMD Consultant in communicable disease control(CCDC)/proper officer(uk) One copy retained As locally instructed Regional command(RC) EH staff |
|
|
Describe biological transmission of an arthropod disease |
An insect carries a disease organisms within its body These multiply inside the insect and pass to humans through taking of a blood meal. |
|
|
Describe mechanical transmission of an arthropod disease |
The insect is carrying a pathogen on its body or jaws or in its faeces Transmission is caused by bite, defecation or deposition from the body onto food, surfaces or person. |
|
|
Name the joint service publication number for climatic injury prevention and treatment in the armed forces |
JSP 539 |
|
|
State the heat illness prevention measures |
Water intake Nutritional intake Work intensity WBGT Clothing and equipment Sunscreen Individual risk factors Acclimatisation Shaded area/ shelter |
|
|
Advantages of effective waste management |
Minimise the risk of disease Discourage pest vectors Prevent water/ food contamination Maintain comfort and moral |
|
|
List control measures for the control of arthropod borne diseases at TARGET |
Using insect repellent Personal hygiene Health education Vaccination/ immunisation Use a barrier( mosquito sleep net) Camp hygiene measures including waste disposal or unit dry days Clothing( wearing appropriate clothing) Avoidance of infected areas( avoidance acceptable) Chemoprophylaxis |
