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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do the incisors do to food? |
biting and cutting food
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What do canines do to food?
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pierce or tear food
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What do premolars do to food?
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grinding food, and piercing and tearing along with canines
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What do molars do to food?
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grinding food along with premolars
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What are diphyodonts?
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they have 2 different sets of teeth throughout lifespan
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What are polyphyodonts?
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they have many sets of teeth (sharks)
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What does exfolliate or exfolliation mean?
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losing a tooth (usually referring to deciduous teeth)
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What are succedaneous teeth?
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teeth that replace (or succeed) deciduous teeth. All anteriors and premolars are succedaneous
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What are non-succedaneous teeth?
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teeth that don't have deciduous predecessors. All 12 molars are non-succedaneous
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What are heterodonts?
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each tooth in arch has different shape and function (humans)
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What are homodonts?
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all teeth are exactly the same and have the same function (sharks)
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What is an antagonist?
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contacts opposite arch,
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What type of teeth are very sharp on incisal edge and function in cutting food?
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incisors
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What teeth are used to guide teeth together when mouth is closed?
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canines
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What teeth are the longest and most stable teeth in human dentition?
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canines
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What teeth replace the primary molars?
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premolars
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What teeth have a transitional shape and function?
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premolars
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What teeth have an outer cusp that is good for grasping food?
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premolars
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Which of the molars have 3 cusps rather than 2?
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mandibular 2nd molars
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Which teeth usually have 4 cusps (with 4 exceptions)
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molars
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Which teeth have 5 cusps?
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1st molars in both arches
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What are the names of the different tooth numbering systems?
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1. DAQT 2. Universal System 3. ISO 4. Palmer System
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What does DAQT stand for?
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D - dentition A - arch Q - quadrant T - tooth name
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"permanent maxillary right 1st molar" is an example of what system?
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DAQT
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The system that designates teeth with a 2 digit system is called...?
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ISO
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What are the 2 digits in the ISO system?
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1st - quadrant and dentition 2nd - specific tooth
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In the ISO system, what are the quadrant and tooth numbers in the primary dentition?
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quadrant: 5-8, tooth number: 1-5
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In the ISO system, what are the quadrant and tooth numbers in the permanent dentition?
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quadrant: 1-4, tooth number: 1-8
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"24" is an example of what system?
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ISO
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What system is mostly used in orthodontics?
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Palmer System
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What system uses symbols?
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Palmer System
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In the Palmer System, how do you number the primary teeth? Permanent teeth?
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primary teeth: A-E, permanent teeth: 1-8
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What is the harders tissue in the human body?
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enamel
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What is the second hardest tissue in the body?
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dentin
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Which tissue of the teeth has no living cells and does not regenerate?
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enamel
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Which tissue of the teeth is the bulk of the tooth?
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dentin
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Which tissue of teeth have cellular extensions that transmit pain?
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dentin
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Can dentin regenerate?
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yes
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What is the soft tissue inside of the tooth called?
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pulp
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Name the 3 function of pulp
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1. Sensory (pain only) 2. Reparative (makes more dentin if necessary) 3. Nourishing (without pulp, the dentin goes brittle)
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What are the 3 components of the pulp?
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1. pulp chamber 2. pulp horns 2. root/pulp canal
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What part of the pulp is the major part part, located in the crown, and shrinks with age?
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the pulp chamber
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What part of the pulp is the extensions that extend close to the cusp surface?
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pulp horns
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What part of the pulp is the thin, round/oval canal within the root?
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root/pulp canal
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What is the apical foramen? And where is it located?
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where blood vessesls, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter/exit the pulp
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What tissue of the tooth is similar to bone in hardness and structure?
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cementum
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What tissue of the tooth covers the dentin in a very thin layer (only on the root)?
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cementum
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What is the function of cementum?
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It attaches the tooth to the bone via fibers of the periodontal ligament
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New cementum can only be formed at a part of the root that....
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has not been exposed to the oral cavity
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What are the 3 conditions of cementum?
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1. Overlap (60%) 2. Butte joint (30%) 3. Gap (10%)
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What is the alveolus?
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the bone of the tooth socket that surrounds and supports the tooth
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What is the alveolar process and what is it also referred to as?
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it is the tooth bearing part of each jaw. AKA maxillary arch or mandibular arch
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Which teeth numbering system sometimes uses sextants?
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DAQT
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What is the anatomical crown?
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the portion of the tooth that is covered by enamel
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What is the anatomical root?
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the portion of the tooth that is covered by cementum (the whole root - including the part that is covered by the alveolar bone)
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What is the clinical crown?
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The part of the anatomical crown that is visible
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What determines the clinical crown?
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the gingival margin
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What is the clinical root?
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the part of the anatomical root that is visible.
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What determines the clinical root?
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usually gingival recession
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What is the CEJ?
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Cementoenamel Junction. It is where the crown and root join; where cementum meets enamel
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When someone says the "cervical line" or the "cervix" what are they referring to?
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the CEJ
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What is the landmark for assessing periodontal health?
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the CEJ
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surfaces that face adjacent teeth (M/D) are called...?
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proximal surfaces
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What is the contact area of a tooth?
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usually at the widest part of the tooth (M/D) or at the M/D height of contour; where 2 adjacent teeth come into contact
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"labial" and "buccal" describe what surface?
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facial surface
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What surface is only used in reference to the maxillary arch?
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"palatal"
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What are the 2 masticatory surfaces?
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1. Incisal 2. Occlusal
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What is the purpose of the M/D height of contour?
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to deflect food away from the soft tissue
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What is the crest of curvature?
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also known as the height of contour
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What are embrasures and what is their purpose?
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triangular shaped space created as the angular teeth come together (without these, teeth would like like perfectly square "piano keys." Their purpose is the form spillways to direct food away from the gingiva
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What are the two different embrasures?
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1. apical embrasure (near gingiva) 2. incisal embrasure (incisal edge)
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What is a line angle?
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formed by the junction of 2 crown surfaces and names by those two surfaces (ex: mesiolabial)
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How many line angles to posterior teeth have?
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8
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How many line angles to anterior teeth have?
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6
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What is a point angle?
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formed by the junction of 3 crown surfaces and named by those 3 surfaces
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How many point angles to our teeth have?
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4 (ex: mesiolabioincisal)
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When naming a point angle, which name comes 1st, 2nd and 3rd?
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1st - M/D 2nd - F/L 3rd - I/O
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What does apical mean?
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towards the tapered portion of the root
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what does cervical mean?
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towards the CEJ
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A crown or root can be divided into ____ parts called ___ and can bee divided ____ or _______.
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3 parts, thirds, horizontally or vertically
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Name the thirds of the root both horizontally and vertically
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Horizontally: apical, middle, cervical. Vertically: M/D; F/L
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Name the thirds of the crown horizontally
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horizontally: cervical, middle, incisal/occlusal.
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Name the thirds of the crown vertically (facial view and proximal view)
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facial view: Mesial, Middle, Distal. Proximal view: Facial, Middle, Lingual
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