Dental Anomolies

Front 1

What is a hereditary/congenital factor or developmental/metabolic disturbance that can occur during any phase of development?

Back 1

General etiology

Front 2

The first sign of tooth development is seen during the __ week of embryonic life when cells in the basal layer of the oral epithelium begin to proliferate

Back 2

6th week

Front 3

What is the result of hereditary factors that preclude (prevent) the initiation of one or more tooth buds?

Back 3

Partial Anodontia (Hypodontia)

Front 4

**What 3 teeth tend to be missing in partial anodontia (hypodontia) in order of greatest occurence?

What is the least often missing tooth?

5% of individuals have partial adontia

-Quite rare in deciduous dentition but when present almost always involves the mandibular central incisor

Back 4

- 3rd Molars

- Maxillary Lateral incisors

- Mandibular 2nd premolar

Least often missing: Permanent canines

Front 5

Accessory teeth seen in both dentitions (1-2% of the population) is called?

-Results from aberration (anomaly) in the initiation period

Back 5

Supernumerary

Front 6

Vast majority of accessory teeth in the permanent dentition are found in the __

**Followed by between in between the maxillary central incisors called the?

Followed by the?

Back 6

3rd molar area

Mesiodens

Mandibular premolar area

Front 7

Unequal growth in the different parts of the bud leads to the formation of the __, which is characterized by a shallow invagination on the deep surface of the bud

The epithelium exerts a dominating influence over the adjacent mesenchymal tissue and as the epithelium continues to deepen, the enamel organ assumes a?

Back 7

Cap Stage

Bell stage

Front 8

Individual teeth are sometimes excessive in size is called?

Microdontia is more common to find in individual teeth

-The most common teeth with microdontia are what 2 teeth?

Back 8

Macrodontia

Microdontia:

- Peg lateral incisors

- Small 3rd molars

Front 9

The most common anomaly in tooth shape in the anterior region of the permanent dentition is the?

- 1-2% of the population

Back 9

Peg shaped laterals

Front 10

A molar with an elongated crown and apically placed furcation of the results, resulting in an enlarged pulpal chamber is called?

Back 10

Taurodontism

Front 11

Distortion of the root and crown from their normally linear relationship is called?

-Usually results from traumatic injury or pressure to the area of the developing tooth

Back 11

Dilaceration

Front 12

Only distortion of the root portion is called?

-Considered an anomaly when they are sharp

Back 12

Flexion

Front 13

What is caused by incomplete splitting of a single tooth germ?

-The result is a tooth which is wide mesiodistally and has an incisal notch, with a single root and common wide pulp cavity

Back 13

Gemination (twinning)

Front 14

What is considered to be the result of the union of 2 adjacent tooth buds (usually deciduous)

-Usually involves crowns but may involve the roots: there are 2 identifiable pulp cavities

-2 roots come together and form one crown

Back 14

Fusion

- Gemination has a single root with one crown

- Fusion has 2 roots with one crown

**look at root to differentate gemination vs fusion

Front 15

What developmental anomaly has a focal area of the crown of a maxillary lateral incisor is folded inward (invaginated) for various distances?

When severe, this results in a conically shaped tooth with a small opening called __ that quickly becomes subject to caries, pulpitis, and periapical inflammation

Back 15

Dens Invaginatus

Dens-in-dente

Front 16

What creates an x-ray appearance of a small tooth within a tooth?

-Rare in posterior teeth and is most commonly found on the maxillary lateral incisor

Back 16

Dens-in-dente

Front 17

The union of the root structure of 2 or more teeth through the cementum only is called?

Back 17

Concrescence

Front 18

What is caused by some disturbance during root development and results in 2 separated root segments?

Back 18

Segmented root

Front 19

Normal sized crown with abnormally short roots is called?

Usually found in?

Back 19

Dwarfed roots

Permanent maxillary central incisors

Front 20

Excessive cementum formation around the root of the tooth is called?

Most associated with the roots of?

-Results from chronic inflammation of the pulp, but also from trauma or metabolic disturbances

Back 20

Hypercementosis

Permanent molars

Front 21

What is the most commonly observed dental anomaly?

For cusps, tubercles are found most often on what 2 teeth?

For roots they are found most often on?

Back 21

Accessory cusps or roots

Cusps:

- 3rd molars or maxillary incisors near the cingulum

Roots:

- 3rd molars

Front 22

Missing cusps occur in the lingual cusp of the mandibular 1st premolar, the distolingual cusp of the maxillary molars, and the distal cusp of the mandibular first molars

Back 22

- Most often involved in those diminutive cusps of the permanent dentition

Front 23

What are small spherical nodules of enamel surrounding a dentin core attched to the roots of teeth?

-Usually found on the furcation area of molars

Back 23

Enamel pearls

Front 24

What is the abnormal growth of calcified dental tissue involving tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origin?

What consists of one mass of calcified dental tissue exhibiting no definite dental form?

What is calcified dental tissues arranged in the shape of recognizable tooth form?

Back 24

Odontoma

Complex Odontoma

Compound Odontoma

Front 25

At the end of the bell stagethe cells of the inner enamelepithelium move into thestellate reticulum anddifferentiate into?

- Dentin and enamelformation take placesimultaneously, and bothprocesses start along a linethat will become the DEJ

What is the distal endsof the ameloblastswhich secrete theenamel matrix,around whichcrystalhydroxyapatiteforms?

Back 25

Ameloblasts

Tomes processes

Front 26

Clinically characterized bybands, ridges, or pitted areasof discolored enamel?

Back 26

Enamel dysplasia

-encompasses all enameldevelopment abnormalities

Front 27

What is the lack of enamel on the outside of teeth?

-Due to illness or vitamin deficiency

-Local infection or trauma (turner's tooth)

-Excessive fluoride ingestion

-Congenital syphilis

-Birth injury/idiopathic factors

-Genetic amelogenesis imperfecta

Back 27

Enamel Hypoplasia

-Genetic amelogenesis imperfecta is a type of Enamel hypoplasia due to defects in the ameloblasts

Front 28

What is a single chalky, white or opaque area (often found on anterior teeth)?

Back 28

Focal hypo-maturation

Front 29

What type of enamel hypoplasia results in intake of excessively high levels of __ that leaves chalky white bands or areas which become pigmented in brown or yellow?

What type of enamel hypoplasia results from injury to the developing permanent tooth follicle through trauma, extraction procedures of a deciduous tooth, or periapical infection?

Back 29

Dental Fluorosis - Mottling

Turner's tooth

Front 30

What type of enamel dysplasia results in permanentincisors with a deep notch andmulberry-like first molars withpoorly developed cusps

- are teethwith hypoplastic defects of theenamel due to prenatal syphilis

- calcification by the treponemaorganism during ameloblasticmorphodifferentiation

Back 30

Hutchinson's teeth

Front 31

What is the disturbed dentin matrixformation and calcification duringhistodifferentiation and apposition

Back 31

Dentinal dysplasia

They are similar in all aspects to enameldysplasia, except that the dental tissueinvolve is dentin rather than enamel

Front 32

What are bluish browncrowns withobliterated pulpchambers, and weakenamel that is subject toeasy fracture?

-Oplescent teeth:composed of under mineralizeddentin that obliterates thecoronal and root pulpalchambers

Back 32

Hereditary dentinogenesis imperfecta

Front 33

Administration to the infantor mother during prenatalperiods imparts an intrinsiccolor change to the dentin?

Back 33

Tetracycline staining (discoloration)