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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hagfish (agnatha) |
Long, eelish, predators on worms, burrow into recent carcasses on seafloor, slime defense mechanism |
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Lamprey (agnatha) |
Eelish, can be detrivores, slime suckers, some predators, some parasitic |
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Gnathostomata |
All vertebrates beside agnathans, all have jaws |
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Chondrichthyes |
Bony fish, fish, sharks, skates, Ray's, chimaeras, ventral position of mouth, 2 nostrils, no eyelids in sharks |
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Placoid scales |
Coverage of some species, can feel by running finger up and down organism |
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Rostrum |
Anterior most part of head |
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Spiracle |
Small opening on the dorsal surface of the posterior of the rostrum on some sharks and rays |
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Dorsal fins |
Fins on dorsal midline |
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Paired fins (pectoral and pelvic) |
Pelvic fins are sexually dinorphic in chondrichthyan |
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Clasper |
In males, medical side of each pelvic is elongated, grooved, and armed (usually in male chimearas, can have on head too) |
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Heterocercal tail |
Tail in which the tip of the vertebral column turns upward, extending into the dorsal lobe of the tail fin; the dorsal lobe is often larger than the ventral lobe. |
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Anal fin |
Between pelvic and caudal |
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Osteichthyes |
bony fish, skeleton composed of bone and cartilage, no placoid scales, males have no pelvic claspers, most have keratinous scales, operculum, homocercal caudal fin, lepidotrichia |
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Operculum |
bony gill covering |
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Actinopterygii |
ray-finned fishes |
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Sarcopterygii |
lobe-finned fishes |
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Sturgeon |
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Bowfin |
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Gar |
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Teleosts |
jaws that can be potruded |
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eels (teleosts) |
basal teleosts, many lost pelvic and pectoral fins |
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Catfishes (teleosts) |
barbels (whiskers) |
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Carp |
temperate or cold water fishes, highly developed |
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Salmonids |
salmon and trout, have specialized posterior dorsal fin known as adipose fin |
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Adipose fin |
Special fin on salmonids, small between dorsal and caudal, thought to be sensory |
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Tetradontiformes (teleosts) |
Blowfish and boxfish, usually very round, either have very large bony scales or small widely spaced scales that serve as defenses when the body inflates |
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Tetrapoda |
vertebrates with limbs (mostly) |
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Amphibia |
Caudata, Anura, Apoda |
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Caudata (Amphibia) |
Salamanders, look for eyelids, external ear, and claws, have vertical slit cloaca |
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Three things that differentiate lizards and salamanders |
1. lizards have external ear openings, and clawed toes 2. salamanders have moist skin while lizards have scales and dry skin 3. lizards have vertical slit cloaca |
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Anura (Amphibia) |
frogs and toads, prominent eardrum, lack tails as adults |
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Apoda (Amphibia) |
caecilians, limbless, scales buried in the skin, the cloaca is near end of body, small eyes |
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Dinosauria |
dinosaurs |
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Neoteny |
term that is given to the phenomenon of retention of larval features in the adult (sexually mature animal) |
