Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
classification of hypertension: Normal |
<120/ <80 |
|
|
|
classification of hypertension: Pre hypertension |
120-139/80-89 |
|
|
|
classification of hypertension: Stage 1 |
140-159/90-99 |
|
|
|
classification of hypertension: Stage 2 |
=>160/=>100 |
|
|
|
Cholesterol count LDL (bad) |
< 100 mg/ dl |
|
|
|
Cholesterol count HDL (good) |
> 60 mg/ dl |
|
|
|
Cholesterol count Total cholesterol |
< 200 mg/ dl |
|
|
|
Classification of obesity (BMI) Underweight |
<18.5 kg/m2 |
|
|
|
Classification of obesity (BMI) Normal |
18.5-24.9 kg/m2 |
|
|
|
Classification of obesity (BMI) Overweight |
25-29.9 kg/m2 |
|
|
|
Classification of obesity (BMI) Stage 1 |
30-34.9 kg/m2 |
|
|
|
Classification of obesity (BMI) Stage 2 |
35-39.9 kg/m2 |
|
|
|
Classification of obesity (BMI) Stage 3 |
=> 40 kg/m2 |
|
|
|
Restricted or interrupted blood and oxygen supply to the brain |
Ischemic stroke |
|
|
|
80% of stroke |
Ischemic attack |
|
|
|
20% of stroke |
Hemorrhagic stroke |
|
|
|
Three types of Ischemic stroke: |
Thrombotic embolic Lacunar |
|
|
|
40% of the Ischemic stroke: |
Thrombotic |
|
|
|
20% of Ischemic stroke: |
Embolic |
|
|
|
20% of Ischemic stroke: |
Lacunar |
|
|
|
What's the most common etiology of ischemic stroke |
Thrombotic stroke |
|
|
|
Bleeding into brain |
hemorrhagic stroke |
|
|
|
Due to rupture of a blood vessel or abnormal vascular structure in the brain |
hemorrhagic stroke |
|
|
|
2 types of hemorrhagic stroke: |
intracerebral hemorrhage Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
|
|
|
15% of the hemorrhagic stroke |
intracerebral hemorrhage |
|
|
|
5% of hemorrhagic stroke |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Thrombotic stroke AKA |
Large vessel thrombosis |
|
|
|
Formation or development of a blood clot within the cerebral arteries or their branches |
Thrombotic stroke |
|
|
|
Major contributing factor would be atherosclerosis |
Thrombotic stroke |
|
|
|
Atherosclerotic plaque formation with accumulation of lipids (fats), fibrins, complex carbohydrates and calcium deposits that leads to narrowing of the blood vessels |
atherosclerosis |
|
|
|
Progressive narrowing of the blood vessel |
atherosclerosis |
|
|
|
Common sites for thrombotic stroke |
Vba (vertebrobasilar artery ) mca (middle cerebral artery) cca (common carotid artery) |
|
|
|
Gradual onset of ischemic stroke |
thrombotic stroke |
|
|
|
Night attack |
thrombotic stroke |
|
|
|
Relaxation decreased blood flow with presence of thrombosis -> aggravates |
Night attack |
|
|
|
Second most common ischemic stroke |
Embolic stroke |
|
|
|
cerebral embolus are traveling bits of matter formed elsewhere that are released into the bloodstream and travel to the cerebral arteries where they lodge in a vessel, producing occlusion and infarction |
Embolic stroke |
|
|
|
With the most common source of cerebral and Willis is disease of cardiovascular system |
Embolic stroke |
|
|
|
With the most common source of cerebral and Willis is disease of |
cardiovascular system |
|
|
|
Abrupt onset of ischemic stroke |
Embolic stroke |
|
|
|
3rd most common is ischemic troke |
Lacunar stroke |
|
|
|
Lacunar stroke aka |
Small vessel thrombosis |
|
|
|
Causes small circumcised lesion at most 1.5 cm in diameter |
Lacunar stroke |
|
|
|
seen mainly at deep penetrating branches of large blood vessel |
Lacunar stroke |
|
|
|
Common sites of lacunar stroke |
Basal ganglia 1 cerebellum 3 pons (aica) internal capsule 1&2 thalamus 4 |
BCPIT |
|
|
Arteries involved in lacunar stroke |
Lenticulostriate nucleus (mca) Recurrent artery of heubner (aca) sca, pica, aica pca |
|
|
|
Intracerebral hemorrhage aka |
Hypertensive hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Causes of intracerebral hemorrhage |
Chronic hypertension (ruptured aneurysm)/ long-duration hypertension trauma tumor vasculitis charcot bouchard aneurysm Pseudoaneurysm |
|
|
|
MC causes of intracerebral hemorrhage |
Chronic hypertension |
|
|
|
May cause microaneurysm (common in congenital defects) |
Chronic hypertension (ruptured aneurysm)/ long-duration hypertension |
|
|
|
Microaneurysm that develop in vessels of hypertensive patients |
charcot bouchard aneurysm |
|
|
|
Microaneurysm aka |
Pseudoaneurysm |
|
|
|
Common sites for intracerebral hemorrhage |
Putamen Pons subcortical white matter thalamus cerebellum |
|
|
|
MC site for intracerebral hemorrhage |
Putamen |
PaPoSTaaCo |
|
|
Least common site for intracerebral hemorrhage |
cerebellum |
|
|
|
Dilation of the vessel secondary to smooth muscle defect |
Aneurysm |
|
|
|
Caused by rupture of a cerebral vessel with subsequent bleeding into the brain |
Intracerebral hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Commonly occurs in small blood vessel weakened by atherosclerosis |
Intracerebral hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Producing an aneurysm called charcot bouchard aneurysm -> chronic hypertension |
Intracerebral hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Occurs from bleeding into SAS typically saccular aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation affecting primary the large blood vessel |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Gradual collection of blood in subarachnoid space |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Result of blood vessel damage from chronic hypertension, vascular malformation or the use of medication (anticoagulant, thrombolytics and antiplatelet agents) |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
|
|
|
Most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke |
Ruptured aneurysm |
|
|
|
Saccular aneurysm aka |
Berry aneurysm |
|
|
|
Develops from congenital defect which causes ballooning or out pouching the vessel wall up to 10 mm in diameter |
Saccular aneurysm |
|
|
|
Chief complaint: worst headache in my life |
Saccular aneurysm |
|
|
|
Common sites of Saccular aneurysm |
Anterior communicating artery internal carotid artery MCA |
AIM |
|
|
Congenital defect with tangled tortous web of arteries and veins with agenesis of interposing capillary system bypassing capillaries |
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) |
|
|
|
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) triad |
Hemorrhage seizure migraine |
HSM |
