Cs 100 Exam

Front 1

What are the three hardware components?

Back 1

1. The CPU?Processor

2. Primary Memory and Secondary Storage

3. Peripherals

Front 2

Central Processing Unit

Back 2

- Only performs basic operations (arithmetic, comparisons, logic).

- Does it really fast.

- Each has its own machine language (Intel CPU can talk to each other.

- Key characteristics:

1. Make and model

2. Speed

3. Number of Cores

4.Power Consumption

5. Cache

Front 3

Secondary Storage

Back 3

Hard drive, flash drives, typically contains OS, programs, etc.

Front 4

Primary Memory (RAM)

Back 4

Workplace of the computer- executes display and calculates what is going on in your computer. OS copies applications over to primary memory then states program

CPU cannot access the secondary storage directly.

Front 5

Differences between primary memory and secondary storage

Back 5

Primary Memory: Low capacity - few gigabytes, significantly faster, CPU can directly access primary memory, temporary.

Secondary Storage: High capacity - few terabytes, relatively slow, needs to be copied to primary memory, secure and permanent.

Front 6

Peripherals.

Back 6

Hardware and Physical devices other than the CPU.

Event based vs polling based peripherals.

Event based peripherals are the driver the connects information from the peripheral and tells the CPU to take an action. (Mouse)

Polling based peripherals are the operating system turns to the peripheral when it is needed to collect information. (Camera) Consumes less power.

Front 7

Software and Operating Systems: Application Programs

Back 7

Interacts with the users.

Made up of instructions: CPU instructions, Data (text,pictures etc), Operating system requests: peripheral requests or access to secondary storage.

Front 8

Software and Operating Systems: System Programs

Back 8

Designed to operate with the computer in the background.

3 OS components:

Kernal: Manage resources and responds to application requests. (Most important)

Bundled applications: makes OS more useful

Shell/User interface: Launching/closing applications, 'windowing' system to switch between applications, etc.

Front 9

Network Organizaiton

Back 9

Purpose: allows two computers to communicate

Basic Communication

3 Layers of communication

1. Physical layer (ethernet, cable modems, cellular (3G, LTE).

2. TCP/IP (middle Layers) two separate layers.

3. Higher Layer Protocols

Front 10

Basic Communication

Back 10

Asynchronous Communication: There is a time lag in communication. Text/video messaging.

Synchronous Communication: both parties are communicating at the same time. Real life conversations.

Front 11

IP (Middle Layer)

Back 11

IP Address:

-Source and destination address

-Needs to be looked up by DNS servers (Domain Name System)

-DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) assigns temporary IP addresses

- Most are 4 numbers ranging between (0-255) each separated by a period.

-Supports around 4 billion devices.

For additional addresses:

-IPv6

-NAT (network address translation): allows local networks to share a single IP address.

Front 12

TCP (Middle Layer)

Back 12

TCP (transmission control protocol): Quality Control.

-Breaks messages into packets

-acknowledges received packets

-requests resending of missing packets

-reassembling of packets.

Front 13

Higher Layer Protocols

Back 13

Concerned with the contents of message.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): messaging protocol for requesting and providing web pages, https -messages are encrypted.

URL (uniform resource location) requests a webpage.

https://uwaterloo.ca~cs100/AcadmicIntegrity.pdf.

Protocol: https

Name: uwaterloo.ca

Reference: ~cs100/AcademicIntegrity.pdf

Other protocols:

DHCP & DNS, FTP (File Transfer Protocol), & SFTP and POP, SMTP & IMAP

Front 14

Decimal to Binary Conversions

Back 14

Convert the number 37 to binary.

37-128= 0 2^7

37-64= 0 2^6

37-32= 1 2^5 , R:5

5-16=0 2^4

5-8= 0 2^3

5-4= 1 2^2 R: 1

1-2 = 0 2^1

1-1= 1 R: 0

00100101 is the binary conversion of 37

Front 15

Hexadecimal Conversions

Back 15

First convert 37 to binary, 0010 0101

Set the binary in groups of 4

0010 0101

Use chart to convert.

Hexadecimal: 25

Front 16

Excel Syntax

Back 16

Syntax: a set of of rules about how characters must be combined.

Excel Syntax:

= function (parameter1, parameter2)

Different functions may have different parameters.

Front 17

Absolute vs. Relative references

Back 17

Relative references change when the formulas are copied or dragged to other cells.

Absolute references do not chase.

Ex. $E$2, $B3, G$19

Front 18

SUMIF and COUNTIF

Back 18

COUNTERIF has 2 parameters

COUNTIF(Range,Criteria)

Used to calculate the number of cells that meet a certain condition.

SUMIF has three parameters

SUMIF(Range,Criteria,[sum_range])

Used to calculate the number of cells that meet a certain condition, and then add up the cells that meet that condition. Sum_range is optional, takes a sum of a different range that is other than the one you are checking.

Front 19

VLOOKUP

Back 19

Has 4 parameters.

1.Lookup value

2. Table Array

3. Column Index Number

4. Range Lookup (False takes up an exact match where as true allows for an inexact match.) Boolean Value

=vlookup(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num, [range_lookup])

Front 20

Indirect Function

Back 20

Takes one parameter, a string and converts it into a cell address.

=INDIRECT("dog") would output the contents of a cell named dog

If indirect takes a cell address as its parameter such as INDIRECT(A6), it will take that string contained with that cell and convert it into a cell address.

Front 21

Other Important Functions:

SUM

IF

Concatenate

Average

Count

Max

Min

Back 21

IF(A6<5, true, false)

Concatenate(F13, "and", F14) quotation is important unless there is a cell named and.

SUM(A1:B2)

Front 22

Excel Errors

Back 22

#Div/0!: Can't divide by zero

#N/A: No value is available/no value matches the request.

#Name?: A name used in the formula does not match those defined.

#Num!: There is a problem with a number

#ref!: formula refers to a cell that is not valid

#Value!: You are trying to perform an operation on incompatible types. (Sums of letters).

Front 23

Different types of charts

Back 23

Use bar charts to compare discrete values of data. (price of icecreams at different stores.

Use line charts to view trends in the data over a period of time. (stocks)

Use pie charts to compare Data that are proportion of a whole.