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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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definition of Justice
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the quality of being just, impartial, or fair
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"Morality arises from the fact that humans, as rational beings, impose laws and structures of behavior upon themselves."
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According to Kant
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Kohlberg's Moral Stages
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1.preconventional
2.conventional 3.Postconventional |
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Duties?
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the responisibilities that are attached to a specific role
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values?
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measures of worth or priority
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Ethical Dilemmas
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a decision that is difficult to make either because the right course of action is not clear or it carries some negative consequences.
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Ethical dillemma that best describes why and officer maintains the code of silence in reference to other officers
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Ethics of Care
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cummutative justice?
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component of justice concerned with the fairness of contracts and business relations
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how many police values are there?
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8
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Officer tries to convince store owner not to press charges against and elderly man sholifting cartons of milk the officer is practicing?
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Street Justice
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Main reason for the Blue Curtain of secrecy in law enforcement?
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loyalty
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A more specific of applied ethics relating to the behavior of certain professions or groups
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Professional Ethics
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Paternalistics Laws
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*Protect people from themselves.
(seat belt laws, helmet laws, speeding laws) |
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Important criticism of the utilitarianism ethical system
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no individual rights are considered.
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Possible for individual prejudices and perceptions to influence their decision-making
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discrimination
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procedural is concerned with ..
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steps taken to reach determination of guilt & punishment (due process)
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"An ethical system must be
1. not self serving 2. logically impartial or universal 3. authoratative 4. prescriptive" |
According to Baelz
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Corrective justice is concerned with?
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Punishment and sanctions
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what ethical system answers "what is good is that which benefits me?"
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Egoism
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Toury Ohlin and Farrington found three major theoretical perspectives that address the origins of delinquency
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1.temperament
2.attachment 3.social learning |
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Ends justify the means
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example of "noble cause"
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noble cause corruption is justified by which ethical system?
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Utilitarian Ethical System
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"testilying" is a euphemism for what police practce?
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perjury
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the ethical problem that is least associated with proactive investigations
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perjury or testimony
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Barker and Carter's list of typology of lies
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1.accepted lies
2.tolerated lies 3.deviant lies |
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Objective test for entrapment
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examines police officers role in the crime
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Integrity testing of police is similar to what law enforcement tactics used against criminals?
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entrapment
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The principle of doubt effect states that..
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when one does an action to achieve a good end and an inevitable but unintended effectis negative, then the actions might be justified.
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Integrity testing refers to which police management tactic?
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sting operations
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Police lead body that investigates civilian claims of police wrongdoing?
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Internal Affairs Dept.
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Famous trial of recent years acted as a catalyst for the scrutiny of the criminal court system in the United States
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O.J. Simpson Trial
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Public distrust of lawyers can be tracked back to
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greek historians
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justice system as two advocates engaging in the pursuit of the truth guided by a neutral third party best describes...
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The Ideal Justice System
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The model of judicial processing that priortizes efficiency over truth
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bureaucratic justice
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The American Bar Association attempts to monitor the ethical behavior of lawyers by...
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standing committee/loyal misconduct
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The belief that the loyalty to one's client surpasses individual and private decision making is characteristic of...
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Legal Agent
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"I am person first, a lawyer second" example of
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moral agent
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primary duty of defense attorney..
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Plea bargaining
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predominant public image of defense attorneys is that of...
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egoism
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"fast food Lawyers" refers to...
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volume and speed
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standard by which prosecutors should make decisions about pursuing charges is ...
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due process
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whose interests do prosecutors represent?
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society
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what factor would be unethical for a prosecutor to consider in making charging decisions?
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Indentity of the victim
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types of office policy that describes prosecutorial decision-making
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1.possess common sense
2.open minds 3.know own emotions 4.sympathetic knowledge of humans |
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part time prosecutors may be more prone to what type of prosecutorial misconduct than full time prosecutors?
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conflict of interest
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what word describes the prosecutorial practice of confiscating property and money associated with certain criminal activities
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forfeiture
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which term describes an ethically questionable practice that prosecutors use during the process of plea bargaining?
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charge bargaining
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The ethical concern regarding expert witnesses is about whether they are really...
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halo effects
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Making deals with defendants in exchange for favorable testimony is one form of...
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noble cause corruption
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which set of thinkers saw criminal acts as symptoms of underlying pathology?
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formalist
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the rationale for punishment that is associated with the offender achieving salvation is...
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treatment
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the type of sentencing based on the seriousness of the crime and is consistent with retributive punishment..
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incapacitation
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General Deterrent is?
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A form of prevention that is aimed at people other than the defender
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Selective Incapacitation is ?
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A form of detaining those who are at the highest risk of offending or re-offending
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which ethical system is used to support preventing crime using dettering, incapacitation, and/or treatment?
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Utilitarianism
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what is the ethical system that the principle of forfeiture justifies punishment?
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rawlism
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Which ethical system would only support punishments that seek to balance the needs of the offender and the victim?
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Ethics of Care
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Which ethical system contends that punishment should be consistent with the veil of ignorance?
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Ethics of care
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The primary ethical argument against private corrections is..
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profit leads to abuse
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what other criminal justice professional is most like the correctional officer?
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Police Officer
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Court decisions have limited what aspect of a correctional officer's duty?
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discretion
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The formal code of ethics for correctional officers is what type of code?
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The American Correctional Association's Code of Ethics
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The term Pluralistic ignorance describes..
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vocal minority, create the belief of the majority
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what term best describes the general relationship between correctional officers and inmates?
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uneasy truce
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the interdependance tha tmay develop between corrrectional officers and inmates that is characterized by favoritism is ...
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reciprocity
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