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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the six classes of nutrients |
Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, vitamins, minerals, and water |
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what is peristalsis |
Transportation of food |
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where is most nutrients absorbed |
The small intestines |
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Monosaccharides are... |
The simple sugars |
Glucose, fructose, galactose |
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Disaccharides are |
Double sugars examples sucrose (table sugar) lactose and maltose (found in germinating cereal grains) |
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What is the function of glucose |
Quick absorption into blood ready source of energy for cellular metabolism |
Quick rise and fall of blood sugar, quick return to hunger state |
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What are the complex carbohydrates and what do they do |
Starch, glycogen, fiber, provides consistent blood sugar level |
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What is fibers essential purpose |
The formation of bulk in stool and delays absorption of CHO and cholesterol |
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What are fats (lipids) and what do they do |
Concentrated form of energy, they are protein sparing protecting protein from being burned for energy |
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What types of fat are there |
Saturated the bad fats except for coconut oil and palm oil, and unsaturated the good fat such as corn oil soy bean oil |
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What are essential fatty acids necessary for |
Production of healthy blood cells and health of arteries nerves and skin |
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What is cholesterol |
A component of fat synthesized in the liver essential need for body |
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Cholesterol is a precursor of what five major hormones |
Progesterone, glucocorticoids(breakdown fat), mineralocorticoids(aldosterone;control of BP) , Androgens (male development), and estrogens |
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What are HDL and LDL |
High-density lipoproteins so called good cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins |
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What is carried in the blood by low-density lipoproteins |
Triglyceride |
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What are proteins needed for |
Maintenance of fluid balance, transport of nutrients, build and repair body tissues, antibody enzyme and hormone production, energy source after depletion of CH O and fat |
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What are amino acids |
20 total 9 essential must be consumed 11 are non essential and manufactured by the liver |
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Lacto ovo vegetarian |
Includes dairy and eggs |
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Which vitamins are fat soluble |
Vitamins A, d, E, and K |
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What is vitamin A necessary for |
Vision specifically night vision |
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What is vitamin E protect against |
Chronic disease of aging, found in Special K cereal |
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Why should a person who takes warfarin consult a doctor before taking large doses of vitamin E |
Counters vitamin K's blood clotting mechanism |
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Without vitamin K to promote blood clotting a single cut would eventually... |
Lead to death because of blood loss |
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What are free radicals |
Deficient in energy, they attack and snatch energy from other cells to satisfy themselves |
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What are the damaging effects of free radicals |
Premature aging cancer atherosclerosis cataracts and age-related macular degeneration |
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What vitamins act as antioxidants |
Vitamin A vitamin E and vitamin C |
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What is vitamin K necessary for |
Blood clotting |
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What are the water soluble vitamins |
Vitamin C, b6, b12, thiamin b1, riboflavin b2, niacin b3, pantothenic acid, biotin, folate |
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Where is biotin found |
Egg yolks, |
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Which vitamin has the most prevalent case of deficiency |
Folate |
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Which vitamin lowers the risk of heart disease |
B12, impairment in absorption causes loss of intrinsic factor |
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What is chloride used for |
Maintain fluid / acid base balance |
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What is magnesium used for |
Regulation of heartbeat |
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What is iodine necessary for |
Thyroid function |
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What is iron used for |
Formation of hemoglobin |
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What is zinc used for |
wound healing, protein synthesis, immune function |
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What are the uses of phosphorus, and potassium, |
Phosphorus helps the building of teeth and bone, potassium helps in acid base balance transmission of nerve impulses and muscle contraction |
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What is chromium used for |
Activates enzyme and enhance his removal of glucose |
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What is total parenteral nutrition |
Delivering total nutrition through a catheter into a large vein used for patients on long term therapy |
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How do you measure body mass index |
Weight / height inches squared x 703 |
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What is the normal body mass index range |
18.5 - 24.9 |
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What diet can reduce hypertension |
Consume more fruits vegetables low fat dairy products reduce sodium intake exercise |
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