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160 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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For each of the following group of words, identify whether it is an independent clause or a dependent clause. (flip for definition)
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A DEPENDENT CLAUSE is a group of words that has a subject and a verb, but it is not a complete thought. It cannot stand on its own like an independent clause.
Whenever we add a word called a SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION to an independent clause, it becomes incomplete and dependent. Although there are many, here are some common ones: After now that Although provided that As since As if so (that) As long as that As soon as though As though until Because when Before whenever Even if where Even though wherever If while |
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My fridge is empty.
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independent
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Because my fridge is empty.
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dependent
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The boy ran.
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independent
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Before the boy ran.
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dependent
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My husband loves his hobby of remodeling.
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Independent
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Since my husband loves his hobby of remodeling.
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dependent
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If she cannot possibly come tomorrow.
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Dependent
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She cannot possibly come tomorrow.
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Independent
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Technology is invaluable.
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independent
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Although it causes many problems.
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Dependent
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Have you seen my gloves?
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independent
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They must be around here.
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Independent
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Because I put them here yesterday.
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Dependent
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Did anyone take them?
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Independent
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Why would they take them?
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Independent
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As if they were expensive.
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Dependent
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They were not expensive or even that good.
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Independent
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When my sister and I went to a department store.
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dependent
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While some people have no problem with stealing.
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Dependent.
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I do.
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Independent
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Even though you didn’t see anyone near here last night.
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dependent
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If you will an eye out for anyone suspicious?
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dependent
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I will give you a description of my gloves.
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Independent
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So that you can identify them
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Dependent
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They were in my pocket the whole time.
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Independent
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Now that you understand.
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dependent
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You can do the homework by yourself.
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independent
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Take your time.
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independent
*Remember that in commands, the understood subject is (you), so it is a complete, independent clause. |
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As long as you finish it by noon
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dependent
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When you take out the trash.
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dependent
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Put in a new trash bag.
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independent
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After you are finished
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dependent
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Tell me.
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independent
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Someone sneezed loudly.
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independent
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As we were reading in class.
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dependent
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Since you have exercised so much control.
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dependent
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You should treat yourself for one night.
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independent
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For each of the following complex sentences, identify the entire dependent clause. (flip for definition)
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When an independent clause and a dependent clause are put together to form a sentence, we have a COMPLEX SENTENCE. A complex sentence is different from a compound or a simple sentence.
It does not matter which order the clauses occur in the sentences. The dependent clause may come before or after the independent clause. When the dependent clause comes first, it is always followed by a comma. Do not use a comma if the dependent clause is second in the sentence. |
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I hired a tutor so that I could pass the class.
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So that I could pass the class
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If you haven’t met her yet, you’ll be in for a big surprise.
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If you haven’t met her yet
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Luckily, I spread the tablecloth over the table before she spilled her milk.
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Before she spilled her milk
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Spilled milk is not a problem even though you may feel like crying.
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Even though you may feel like crying
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She looked at me with such belief as if she had never heard that before.
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As if she had never heard that before
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We submit our essays wherever the teacher creates an electronic folder.
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Wherever the teacher creates an electronic folder
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In light of recent developments, the judge granted the lawyer a recess until the new evidence can be assessed.
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Until the new evidence can be assessed
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While you watch TV, you should multitask and do something else.
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While you watch TV
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Although it is windy, it is not cold.
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although it is windy
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Proper nutrition would help you immensely since you do not exercise often.
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since you do not exercise immensely
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After you read page 76, skip to page 180.
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after you read page 76
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Provided you are happy, you may stay until 12.
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Provided you are happy
*With the subordinating conjunction provided is an understood and unwritten "that." Many subordinating conjunctions have an understood "that" with them. Be on the look out for that. |
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Balance is important if an individual wants true happiness.
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if an individual wants true happiness
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As long as you keep your core warm, your body temperature will remain normal.
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as long as you keep your core warm
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Do all animals experience emotions when one of from their species dies?
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when on from their species dies
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Uninterrupted sleep is crucial if college students want peace and success.
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if college students want peace and success
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Right now, I am watching a video so that I can learn more about the manufacture of silk.
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so that I can learn more about the manufacture of silk
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Many music videos today are cryptic although they don't really have a deep meaning.
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although they don't really have a deep meaning
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While you are washing the car, give it a good wax too.
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While you are washing the car
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My presentation is scheduled for the 25th though it is may change.
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Though it may change
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Now that you have gotten your wish, what will you do with it?
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Now that you have gotten your wish
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In the workplace, performance reviews are important because employers want efficiency.
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Because employers want efficiency.
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Shirts with buttons are my favorite since they are not tight.
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Since they are not tight
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She was angry at me after the party as if I were the one responsible.
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As if I were the one responsible
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Your look beautiful today because your dress is modest.
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because your dress is modest
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For each of the following sentences, identify it as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex. (flip for definition)
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The COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE is exactly what it sounds like. It is both compound and complex. It has two independent clauses (like a compound sentence) and a dependent clause (like a complex sentence).
Simple sentences: only one set of subject and verb; cannot be divided into two sets Compound sentences: two sets of subject and verb; can be divided into two complete independent clauses; must have a comma and coordinating conjunction or a semicolon Complex sentences: two sets of subject and verb; can be divided into an independent and dependent clause; have a comma if the dependent clause comes first |
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I will now shed light on two mysteries about baby carrots so you will know the truth.
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Complex
*Even though it has the conjunction so, so here is not the coordinating conjunction; it is the subordinating conjunction so that. The "that" is understood and not written, but the meaning is still there. |
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I buy baby carrots on occasion, and like others I honestly want the truth.
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Compound
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I looked up the 800 number and called the carrot company for some answers.
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Simple
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According to one producer of baby carrots, they use a specific variety of carrots.
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Simple
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These are smaller and grown only for baby carrots.
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Simple
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The end product is short because producers simply cut them.
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complex
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The cores of these smaller carrots are slender.
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Simple
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Even though baby carrots seem too small, they really are grown like that.
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Complex
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They are not grown at the short length, so companies do shorten them.
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Compound
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In addition to this cutting process, companies also peel and then wash and package baby carrots for stores.
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Simple
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Supposedly, baby carrots’ rounded edges are formed when the carrots are tumbled together in giant peeler.
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Complex
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Basically, the baby carrots polish each other in the peeler.
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Simple
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If the carrots are peeled and cut, are the extra bits of carrots discarded?
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Complex
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The extra bits are called the “mash” and are used for other carrot products for humans and even animals.
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Simple
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Just as different varieties of apples exist, different varieties of carrots exist.
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complex
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Are baby carrots soaked in chlorine?
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Simple
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Some people say yes, but this rumor is often exaggerated.
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Compound
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Baby carrots are soaked in water with trace amounts of chlorine, but the level of chlorine follows the EPA’s guidelines.
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compound
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The amount of chlorine in this water is similar to tap water.
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Simple
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Although chlorine consumption is not ideal, people are far too dramatic about the matter.
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complex
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The cupcake evolved in the United States in the 19th century, and it was revolutionary because it saved people time.
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Compound-complex
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Before, people weighed out baking ingredients, but now they could measure them.
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Compound
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Food historians still have not determined where the name of the cupcake originated.
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complex
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They do have two theories about the name.
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Simple
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Cupcakes were originally cooked in cups, or the ingredients were measured out with a cup.
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compound
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At first, cupcakes were called “number” cakes because the ingredient amounts were easy to remember.
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complex
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Today, the making and the use of cupcakes has expanded widely.
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Simple
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The original recipes used four eggs, but today’s recipes require fewer eggs.
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Compound
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Cupcakes were convenient because they cooked quickly.
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Complex
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When people baked in hearth ovens, it took a long time, and cakes were often burned.
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Compound-complex
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Muffin tins became popular at the beginning of the 20th century, so people made cupcakes in tins too.
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Compound
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Since their creation, cupcakes have become a pop culture trend in the culinary world.
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Simple
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People even found entire bakeries or entire cookbooks and magazines to the creation and sale of cupcakes.
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simple
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Although chocolate and vanilla remain classic flavors, new flavors are working their way onto menus as well.
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Complex
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People sometimes use “cupcake” as a term of endearment for their loved ones.
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Simple
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Now that people have been experimenting with the original cupcake recipe for years, some have turned to cupcake decorating.
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Complex
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Chefs and bakers publish books with decorating tips and fancy ideas.
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Simple
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Even though many recipes already exist, creative people can always invent more.
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Complex
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As you probably know, stickers haven’t always been a big seller.
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Complex
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Most historians attribute the beginning of sticker use to European merchants in the 1880s.
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Simple
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In crowded markets, vendors used stickers so that they could attract new customers.
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Complex
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They may not have been printed at first, but in a short period of time printing appeared on them with advertised prices and goods.
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Compound
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The paper labels were secured with a gum paste, so they were known as stickers.
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Compound
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Fruit vendors first used paper stickers; others soon joined them.
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Compound
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By the turn of the century, stickers were a common part of the advertising industry.
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simple
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Eventually sticker paste was created so that it could be applied and then dry later.
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Complex
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Postage stamps were soon made like this, and people labeled their luggage with stickers so that it could be easily identified.
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Compound-complex
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R. Stanton Avery first marketed the self-adhesive label with a peel-off backing, and his company leads the sticker industry today.
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Compound
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While commercial use of stickers has always been more extensive, personal use of stickers as decoration is now common.
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Complex
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In the 1930s, stickers were aimed at children and depicted animals, clowns, cars, and trains.
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Simple
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Stickers could be wet and then added to pictures.
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Simple
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Then, after they affixed the stickers, children could color the pages with crayon.
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complex
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The bumper sticker was created in the 1930s, yet it did not become popular until later.
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Compound
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If we find more uses for stickers, soon everything will be covered in stickers, and stickers will be placed on top of other stickers.
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Compound-complex
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For each of the following sentences, identify whether the comma or semicolon use is correct based on the type of sentence it is by answering yes or no. (flip)
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Compound sentences must be joined with either a comma and a fanboys or a semicolon.
Complex sentences need a comma between clauses only if the dependent clause comes first. Simple sentences do not have commas except after introductory prep phrases or adverbs. |
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The potato is the world’s fourth largest food crop, after rice, wheat, and corn.
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No; this is a simple sentence. There should not be a comma before “after”
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In 1536, Spanish conquistadors conquered Peru, and discovered the potato there.
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No, this is a simple sentence with a compound verb.
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Before the end of the sixteenth century, families of sailors were cultivating potatoes along the Biscay coast of northern Spain.
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Yes; this is a simple sentence with an introductory prep phrase.
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It took nearly four decades, before the potato spread to the rest of Europe.
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No; this is a complex sentence, but the dependent clause is second, so there should not be a comma.
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Eventually, farmers grew more potatoes because they were easy to grow.
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Yes; this is a complex sentence with the dependent clause second.
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Potatoes contain many essential vitamins; they could feed many people.
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Yes; this is a compound sentence.
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In the 1840s, a potato blight swept through Europe, and wiped out the potato crop in many countries.
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No; this is a simple sentence with a compound verb.
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The Irish depended heavily on potatoes, so when the blight reached Ireland their main source of food vanished.
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No; this is a compound complex sentence. There should be a comma after the dependent clause that comes first in the complex part of the sentence.
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Many poor people in Ireland, and middle-class families struggled.
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No; this is a simple sentence with a compound subject.
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Since potatoes are a rather boring subject, I will now switch to a different one.
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Yes; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause first.
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Hopefully coconut milk will be more interesting; and will teach you something new.
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No; this is a simple sentence with a compound verb.
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As you may have guessed already coconut milk comes from the grated meat of a coconut.
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No; there should be a comma after the dependent clause.
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The unique color of the milk, and its rich taste can be attributed to the high oil content.
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No; this is a simple sentence with a compound subject.
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Most of the fat in coconut milk is saturated fat; too much is unhealthy.
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Yes; this is a compound sentence.
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Coconut milk is popular in Southeast Asia; where coconuts grow.
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No; this is a complex sentence, not a compound one.
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When coconut milk is thick, it has more fat in it.
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Yes; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause first.
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If the squeezed coconut milk is soaked in warm water, and then squeezed a second or third time, the milk will be thin.
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No; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause that has two verbs, so there should not be a comma between those two verbs.
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Generally cooks use thick milk for deserts, although sometimes they use it for sauces too.
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No; this is a complex sentence with the dependent clause second.
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Thin coconut milk is good, for soups and other cooked foods.
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No; this is a simple sentence with a prep phrase, not a coordinating conjunction.
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Most Western chefs do not make this distinction, because they must buy coconut milk in cans.
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No; this is a complex sentence with the dependent clause second.
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Some people may confuse coconut milk with coconut water, but they are different.
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Yes; this is a compound sentence.
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Because you simply process grated coconut with hot water or milk; anyone can make coconut milk.
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No; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause first.
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After you make the milk, coconut cream will rise to the top, and separate from the milk.
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No; this is a complex sentence with a compound verb in the independent clause.
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Manufacturers of canned milk want to avoid cream so they combine thin and thick milk with the addition of water as a filler.
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No; this is a compound sentence, so there needs to be a comma before the coordinating conjunction.
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Though cream is avoidable a pasty substance still often floats to the top of the can.
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No; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause first, so there needs to be a comma.
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Coconut water comes from immature green coconut; ripe coconuts produce milk.
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Yes; this is a compound sentence
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You should shake the can, if this happens to you.
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No; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause second, so there should not be a comma.
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Some brands of canned coconut milk, add a thickening agent to the milk.
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No; this is a simple sentence.
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Thickening agents prevent separation inside the can, since we often equate separated milk with spoiled milk.
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No; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause second, so there should not be a comma.
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Opened cans of coconut milk must be refrigerated and are usually only good for a few days.
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Yes; this is a simple sentence with a compound verb.
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As I said, coconut milk contains coconut oil and a lot of saturated fat.
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Yes; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause first.
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Because it has saturated fat, many diet and health organizations warn against coconut milk.
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Yes; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause first.
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A large portion of the saturated fat comes from lauric acid.
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Yes; this is a simple sentence.
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This acid helps with blood cholesterol so coconut oil is sometimes recommended instead of other vegetable oils.
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No; this is a compound sentence with a coordinating conjunction, so there needs to be a comma.
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Old studies about the health of coconut oil, may be unreliable since they studied partially hydrogenated coconut oil.
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No; this is a complex sentence with an independent clause that first.
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As long as people eat other foods moderately, coconut milk should not be a big danger.
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Yes; this is a complex sentence with a dependent clause first.
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Canola oil is made from rapeseeds so they changed the name in Canada for marketing purposes.
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No; this is a compound sentence with a coordinating conjunction, so there needs to be a comma.
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Canada may eat more donuts but the United States consumes more peanut butter.
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No; this is a compound sentence with a coordinating conjunction, so there needs to be a comma.
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Americans waste 96 billion pounds of food annually; more than most other countries.
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No; the part after the semicolon is not an independent clause.
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Have you ever put pepper on your mashed potatoes, or salt on your watermelon?
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No; this is not a compound sentence, so you don't need a comma.
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