Clinical Exam - Head And Neck

Front 1

7 bones of the skull

Back 1

2 frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal and 1 occipital

Front 2

boundaries and contents of the posterior triangle

Back 2

trapezius, SCM and clavicle; contains posterior cervical lymph nodes

Front 3

boundaries and contents of the anterior triangle

Back 3

medial border of SCM, mandible and midline; hyoid bone, cricoid cartilage, trachea, thyroid and anterior cervical lymph nodes

Front 4

what is the relationship between common carotid/internal jugular to the SCM

Back 4

they run deep and parallel along its medial border

Front 5

what is the relationship between external jugular and SCM

Back 5

it crosses the SCM diagonally

Front 6

what landmark marks the bifurcation of the common carotid?

Back 6

notch on the upper edge of the thyroid cartilage

Front 7

ossification of the skull sutures begins at what age? and is finished by?

Back 7

6 yo; adulthood

Front 8

what causes serum bioassayable thyroid-stimulating activity to increase in the first trimester?

Back 8

hCG

Front 9

what happens to the thyroid gland in old age?

Back 9

rate of production decreases and the gland becomes fibrotic

Front 10

Dx: nodding movement especially if synchronized with pulse

Back 10

aortic insufficiency

Front 11

torticollis

Back 11

shortening of SCM

Front 12

Dx: entire side of the face is affected by asymmetry

Back 12

CN 7 paralysis

Front 13

Dx: lower face is affected by asymmetry

Back 13

CN 7 weakness

Front 14

Dx: mouth is affected by asymmetry

Back 14

problem with peripheral CN 5

Front 15

Dx: coarse, dry and brittle hair (2)

Back 15

hypothyroidism; excessive cosmetic tx

Front 16

Dx: fine, silky hair (2)

Back 16

hyperthyroidism; familial

Front 17

Dx: thickening, hardness or tenderness of temporal arteries

Back 17

temoral arteritis

Front 18

Dx: enlarged tender salivary gland (2)

Back 18

viral/bacterial infection, ductal stone

Front 19

Dx: percussion of the skull produces a low pitched note

Back 19

hyperparathyroidism

Front 20

Dx: diplopia and bruit/blowing sound over the orbit

Back 20

expanding cerebral aneurysm

Front 21

Dx: tugging sensation upon palpating the trachea and synchronous with the pulse

Back 21

aortic aneurysm

Front 22

Dx: coarse or gritty sensation upon palpating thyroid gland

Back 22

inflammatory process

Front 23

Dx: enlarged tender thyroid gland

Back 23

thyroiditis

Front 24

subcutaneous edema over the presenting part of the head at delivery; crosses suture lines

Back 24

caput succedaneum

Front 25

subperiosteal collection of blood and bound by suture lines; firm with edges well defines seen in infants

Back 25

cephalhematoma

Front 26

Dx: bossing (bulging of the skull) of the frontal areas in infants(2)

Back 26

prematurity and rickets

Front 27

Dx: bulging in areas of the skull other than frontal in infants(2)

Back 27

cranial defects or intracranial masses

Front 28

Dx: dilated scalp veins and head circumference increasing faster than expected in infants

Back 28

increased intracranial pressure

Front 29

Dx: in infant, cystic mass in neck (2)

Back 29

thyroglossal duct cyst or branchial cleft cyst

Front 30

Dx: mass over the clavicle that changes size with crying or respiration in infant

Back 30

cystic hygroma

Front 31

Dx: nuchal rigidity (resistance to flexion of the neck) in infants

Back 31

meningeal irritation

Front 32

Dx: 3rd fontanel (mastoid) between the posterior and anterior fontanels (2)

Back 32

expected or Down syndrome

Front 33

Dx: palpable ridges in addition to expected sutures in infants

Back 33

fractures

Front 34

max size of anterior fontanel

Back 34

4-5 cm

Front 35

softening of the outer table of the skull; with what is it associated?

Back 35

craniotabes; rickets and hydrocephalus

Front 36

Dx: upon palpation of infant skull above and behind the ears there is a snapping sensation in infant

Back 36

craniotabes

Front 37

Dx: mass in the lower third of SCM in infant

Back 37

hematoma

Front 38

Dx: palpatory thud felt over the trachea in infant

Back 38

foreign body

Front 39

Dx: goiter in an infant

Back 39

intrauterine deprivation of thyroid hormone

Front 40

cracked-pot sound upon percussion of the child's skull

Back 40

Macewen sign

Front 41

Dx: Macewen sign

Back 41

physiologic when fontanels are open but increased intracranial pressure when they are closed

Front 42

Dx: bruits heard in the head of a child up to 5 yo

Back 42

anemia

Front 43

Dx: bruits heard in the head of a child over 5 yo (2)

Back 43

vascular anomalies or increased intracranial pressure

Front 44

Chloasma

Back 44

mask of pregnancy, blotchy, brownish hyperpigmentation of face

Front 45

HA with onset in childhood, unilateral, hours to days duration, pulsating or throbbing, well defined prodromal event, nausea and vomiting

Back 45

classic migraine

Front 46

HA: onset in childhood, generalized location, lasting hours to days, pulsating or throbbing, vague prodromal events, nausea and vomiting

Back 46

common migraine

Front 47

HA: onset in adulthood, unilateral, .5 to 2 hour duration, onset at night, burning, boring or knifelike, personality changes and sleep disturbances, precipitated by alcohol, increased lacrimation or nasal discharge

Back 47

cluster

Front 48

HA: onset adulthood, bilateral or occipital, lasting hours, onset in morning, throbbing, no prodromal events, remits as day progresses

Back 48

HTN

Front 49

HA: onset adulthood, unilateral or bilateral, lasts hours to days, bandlike or constricting, precipitated by stress or anger

Back 49

muscular tension

Front 50

HA: onset older adulthood, lasting hours to days, unilateral or bilateral, throbbing, no precipitating events

Back 50

temporal arteritis

Front 51

an expression or appearance of the face and features of the head and neck that when considered together is characteristic of a clinical condition/syndrome

Back 51

facies

Front 52

Dx: rounded or moon shaped face with thin erythematous skin, hirsutism may be present

Back 52

cushing syndrome

Front 53

Dx: sunken appearance of the eyes, cheeks and temporal areas, sharp nose, dry rough skin, seen in terminal stages of illness

Back 53

hippocratic facies

Front 54

Dx: dull, puffy, yellowed skin, coarse sparse hair, temporal loss of eybrows, periorbital edema and prominent tongue

Back 54

myxedema

Front 55

Dx: fine moist skin with fine hair, prominent eyes and lid retraction and staring or startled expression

Back 55

hyperthyroid

Front 56

Dx: butterfly rash over malar surfaces and bridge of nose, blush with swelling or scaly red maculopapular lesions

Back 56

systemic lupus erythematosus

Front 57

Dx: asymmetry of one side of the face, eyelid not closing completely, drooping lower eyelid and corner of the mouth, loss of nasolabial fold

Back 57

facial palsy

Front 58

Dx: coarsening of features with broadening of nasal alae and prominence of zygomatic arches

Back 58

early acromegaly

Front 59

Dx: mandibular prognathism, gropping lower lip and short upper lip, parrot beak nose and proptopic eyes

Back 59

craniofacial dysostosis

Front 60

Dx: depressed nasal bridge, epicanthal folds, mongoloid slant of eyes, low set ears and large tongue

Back 60

DS

Front 61

Dx: enlarged skull with low forehead, corneal clouding and short neck

Back 61

Hurler syndrome

Front 62

Dx: acquired mental retardation, poorly formed philtrum, widespread eyes, inner epicanthal folds and mild ptosis, hirsute forehead, short nose and thin upper lip

Back 62

fetal alcohol syndrome

Front 63

Dx: maxillary hypoplasia, micrognathia and auricular deformity

Back 63

Treacher-Collins syndrome

Front 64

Dx: maxillary and midfacial hypoplasia

Back 64

Apert syndrome

Front 65

Dx: severe maxillary and midfacial hypoplasia with low set ears

Back 65

Crouzon syndrome

Front 66

adult onsest hypothyroidism associated with decreased metabolic rate

Back 66

myxedema

Front 67

cause of characteristic mucinous edema of facial features in myxedema

Back 67

deposition of glycosaminoglylcans in all organ systems

Front 68

chronic autoimmune disease that causes symptoms of either hyperthyroidsm or hypothyroidism depending on the duration of the disease

Back 68

Hashimoto disease

Front 69

protrusion of nervous tissue through a defect in the skull

Back 69

encephalocele

Front 70

congenitally small skull caused by cerebral dysgenesis or craniostemosis, associated with metal retardation and failure of brain to develop normally

Back 70

microcephaly

Front 71

premature union of cranial sutures leading to misshapen skull, not accompanied by mental retardation

Back 71

craniosynostosis