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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Disruptive Technology |
A new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers |
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Sustaining Technology |
Produces an improved product customers are eager to buy |
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Internet |
Massive network that connects computers all over the world using the TCP/IP technology |
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Intranet |
internal to the organization. Private accessible to people in the organization |
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Extranet |
organizational network extended to business partners such as suppliers. Private network for selected users |
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E-Business |
the conducting of business on the Internet, including not only buying and selling, but also serving customers and collaborating with business partners |
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E-Commerce |
The buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet |
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B2B |
Business-to-Business (wholesale, sellers and buyers are both organizations) |
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B2C |
Business-to-Consumer (retailing, sellers are organizations and the buyers are individuals) |
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C2C |
Consumer-to-Consumer (both sellers and buyers are individuals) |
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C2B |
Consumer-to-business (sellers are individuals and buyers are organizations) |
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Brick-and-Mortar |
physical store without an internet |
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Click-and-Mortar |
both physical and internet |
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Pure-play (virtual) |
internet only, without physical store |
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Benefits and Challenges of E-Business |
highly accessible increased customer loyalty improved information content increased global reach decreased cost |
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Wireless Technology |
gives users a live connection via satellite or radio transmitters |
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Mobile Technology |
the technology can travel with the user, but it is not necessarily in real time |
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LAN Network |
local area network in a limited geographic area |
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MAN Network |
metropolitan area networks, span distances up to 100 miles |
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WAN |
wide area network in a larger geographic area |
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A ______ is any device connected on a network that has an address and can receive or send signals/messages |
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PAN wireless network |
Personal area network |
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WLANs wireless network |
Wireless Local Area Networks |
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WMANs wireless network |
Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks |
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WWANs wireless network |
Wireless Wide Area Networks |
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Geographic Information System (GIS) |
hardware, software, and data that provide location information for display on a multidimensional map |
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Global Positioning System (GPS) |
a stellate-based navigation system providing extremely accurate position, time, and speed information |
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Reasons for new software development |
Old system is obsolete New regulations Meet business partner's requests New technology Competitive advantage |
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Legacy system |
old system |
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Conversion Process |
process of transferring information from a legacy to a new system |
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Software Customization |
modifying software to meet specific business or user requirements |
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Off-the-shelf application software |
support general business processes |
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SDLC |
System development life cylce |
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7 phases of SDLC |
1. Planning 2. Analysis 3. Design 4. Development 5. Testing 6. Implementation 7. Maintenance |
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Planning phase (SDLC) |
most critical phase, determines project goals and sets the scope |
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Analysis phase (SDLC) |
involves analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals |
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Design phase (SDLC) |
descriptions of the desired features such as screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudo codes, and other documentation |
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Development phase (SDLC) |
transforming the design features into the actual system |
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Testing phase (SDLC) |
involves eliminating errors and bugs and verify that the system meets all of the business requirements defined in the analysis phase |
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Implementation phase (SDLC) |
Involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with it |
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Maintenance phase (SDLC) |
Involves performing changes, corrections, additions, and upgrades to ensure the system continues to meet its business goals |
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Corrective Maintenance |
repairs current errors |
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Preventive Maintenance |
reduces the chance of future system failure |
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Online training |
intranet/internet, CDs and DVDs |
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Workshop traning |
held in classroom setting and led by instructor |
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Plunge implementation |
replaces the legacy system |
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Parallel implementation |
uses both systems for a period of time |
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Phased implementation |
installs new systems in phases or gradually |
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Pilot implementation |
assigns a small group of people to use the new system |
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The selection of implementation methods depends on three major factors: |
1. the complexity of the new system 2. the budget allocated to the software development 3. the timeframe of the software development |
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Iteration & disadvantage in the pilot implementation method |
repetition of the same process, can be time consuming |
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Project |
a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a specific purpose such as developing a new software to increase sales |
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Project Plan |
A formal, approved document that manages and controls project execution |
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Tangible benefits |
easy to quantify and typically measured to determine the success or failure of a project |
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Intangible benefits |
Difficult to quantify or measure such as improved decision making |
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4 major reasons why IT project fail or fall behind schedule |
1. poor planning or poor project management 2. change in business goals during project 3. lack of support from business management 4. lack of resources |
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Feasibility study |
the measure of tangible and intangible benefits |
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Economic feasibility |
cost effectiveness, benefits outweigh the cost |
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Operational feasibility |
solutions solve problems identified |
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Technical feasibility |
availability of technical resources and expertise |
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Political feasibility |
how the organization will accept the solution |
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Schedule feasibility |
can it be done on time |
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Legal feasibility |
meet existing legal and contractual organization |
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Scope |
determines the requirements of the project |
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Resources/cost |
specify what is needed to complete the project, financial, manpower, and knowledge |
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Time |
identifies how long it will take to complete the project |
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Insourcing (in house development) |
using the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain the organization's information technology systems |
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Outsourcing |
an organization provides a service or services fro another organization that chooses not to perm them in-house |
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Onshore outsourcing |
engaging another company within the same country for services |
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Nearshore outsourcing |
contracting an outsourcing arrangement with a company in a nearby country |
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Offshore outsourcing |
using organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems |
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Three main reasons why companies outsource |
1. lack of resources 2. outside expertise 3. focus on core business, cheaper cost |
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Three major challenges of outsourcing |
1. length of contract 2. loss of confidentiality 3. threat to competitive advantage |
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Four primary IT areas of focus in today's organizations |
1. IT infrastructures 2. Security 3. E-Business 4. Integration |
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Mobile commerce |
the ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless Internet-enabled device |
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Electronic tagging |
A technique for identifying and tracking assets and individuals |
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Biometrics |
identify users based on physical traits such as voice recognitions, fingerprints, eye retina, iris scan |
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Firewalls |
hardware or software placed between a public network and a private network to prevent unauthorized users from accessing information |
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Encryption |
scrambles information before transmission a key or password is required to decrypt the information |
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Secure Socket Layer |
encrypts information and sends it over the internet |
