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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Elements
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a substance that can not be broken down into a simpler chemical substance
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The smallest particle fo an element that has the characteristics of that element
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Atom
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The center of an atom , contains charged particles
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Nucleus
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Protons
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Charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom, has a positive charge
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Electrons
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Charges particle found orbiting the nuclues of an atom, has a negative charge
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Neutrons
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A neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom
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Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are
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Isotopes
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A substance that is composed of atoms of 2 or more different elements that are chemically combined
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Compounds
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Bond where atoms share electrons
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Covalent Bond
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Bond where atoms are attracted to the opposite charge
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Ionic Bond
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Table Salt
NaCl |
compound example
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What type of bond can form Sugars, fats, proteins, water
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Covalent bonds
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Not ionic
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What type of bond is table salt
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Ionic Bond
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A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
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Molecule
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All the chemical reactions that occur inside a cell
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metabolism
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H is the symbol for what element
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Hydrogen
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Carbon is represented by what symbol
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C
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Oxygen's atomic number is
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8
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Neon's atomic mass is
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20
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Chemical equation |
C6H12O6 = 6CO2 + 6H2O |
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A mixture is a
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combination of substances in which individual components retain their own properties
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When a mixture of one or more substances chemically combines it is called a
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Solution
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Dissolves substances
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Solvent
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Is dissolved
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Solute
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An acid is any substance that forms _________ in water
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Hydrogen ions
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Bases for __________ in water
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Hydroxide ions
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A measurement for how acidic or basic a substance is
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pH scale
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0-14
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pH scale range
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The pH of water should be
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7 which is neutral
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Water is a ________ molecule
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polar
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Water resists __________ change.
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temperature
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Water expands when it ______
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freezes
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All living things need ______
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water
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A molecule that has an unequal distribution of charge
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polar molecule
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A weak attraction between a hydrogen and an oxygen is a ____________ bond
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hydrogen
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Maintaining the best conditions inside the cell |
homeostasis |
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Chemical Reaction example
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Hydrogen perioxide bubbling in an open wound |
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Single Bond
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When a carbon bonds with another carbon. when there is only 1 bond between
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Double Bond
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When 2 carbons bond and form 2 bonds between them
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Triple Bond
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When 2 carbons bond and form 3 bonds between them
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Compunds with the same chemical formula but different structure
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Isomers
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A large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond
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Polymer
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Carbohydrate
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a biomolecule composed of C, H, O. provides energy
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Monosaccharides
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Glucose & fructose
simple sugar |
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Disaccharide
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when 2 simple sugars bond
Glucose + fructose=Sucrose |
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Polysaccharide
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Largest carbohydrate molecule, composed of many monosaccharides,
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Lipids
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Fats, long-term energy storage, composed of C & O. insoluble in water
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Satured Fats
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all single bonds between the C
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Monounsatured Fats
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At least one double bond in the molecule
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Polyunsaturated Fats
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2 or more double bonds between C in a fatty acid molecule
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Lipids purpose
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insulation, protection, long term energy storage
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Proteins
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Complex polymer, made of amino acids, held together b peptide bonds
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Basic building blocks of
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Proteins
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Covalent bonds that hold together amino acids
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Peptide bonds
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Proteins come in a large variety of ________ & _______
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shapes and sizes
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Function of a protein
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Provide structure for tissues and organs, carry out cell metabolism
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A protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction
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Enzyme
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Biomolecule that stores genetic information
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nucleic acids
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Small subunits that make up nucleic acids
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nucleotides
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DNA
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Genetic information; nucleic acid
Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
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6H2O + 6CO2= |
Reactants |
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C6H12O6 (Result of a reaction) |
Products |
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