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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Infection such as endophthalmitis can occur following cataract surgery and is marked by what? |
Pain, decrease in Vision, eyelid redness or edema, and or a yellowish/green discharge from the eye |
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What is cataract |
It is a loss of transparency to the eye lens and results and blurry vision, decreased visual Acuity and sensitivity to glare |
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What are some risk reduction strategies for cataracts |
Reducing weight, smoking cessation, optimizing blood sugars and using sunglasses when Outdoors |
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Why shouldn't D5W be used in the presence of increased intracranial pressure |
Because the D5W is both isotonic and hypotonic |
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Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and is marked by? |
Conjunctival hyperemia, lid edema, ptosis, foreign body sensation, and a watery discharge |
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How does cranial nerve 2 optic nerve function |
It has nerve fibers from the right and left eye. Cross over before sending impulses to the occipital lobe |
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What conditions increases the risk for retinal artery or vein occlusion and loss of vision |
Diabetes, glaucoma and aging in addition to hypertension and atherosclerosis |
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What is the result of myopia (near-sighted) in the result of hyperopia (farsighted) |
Myopia results in Blurred distant vision and hyperopia result and blurred near vision |
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Some safety measures to use when interacting with a visual impaired client include? |
Keeping objects close by, identifying where the objects are, not distracting their safety animal, using the clock method when ambulating, having the client hold your arm above the elbow and walking a half step behind you |
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How should chemical burns be treated in the eye |
By irrigating the eye with water immediately |
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When blood pressure is severe in the setting of acute kidney failure, pheochromocytoma, and pregnancy-induced hypertension retinopathy can occur why shouldn't the blood pressure be lowered too quickly |
Because you to send the blood pressure too quickly could result in ischemia to the optic disc and brain, blood pressure should be lowered slowly |
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How is ophthalmic solution be in instill |
Remove contact lenses, hold lower lip down, and so I dropped before ointment, apply gentle pressure to the inner canthus to occlude the punctum for 1 to 2 minutes and would 5 minutes before installing another medication 10 minutes for ointments |
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Clients should avoid to do what when ocular medications are administered |
Avoid blinking |
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What occurs after ocul appointment has been administered |
Vision is blurred and stinging and burning may occur |
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How does mitotic (pilocarpine) increases the outflow of aqueous humor |
By constricting the pupil but this could also make it difficult to see in the dark (pupil dilation is needed when lighting is low) |
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Beta blockers are contraindicated in what setting? |
In the setting of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or heart failure since bronchodilation is inhibited and the heart rate is decreased |
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What are some systemic effect of using beta blocker timolol |
It decreases production of aqueous humor which can be observed as bradycardia and hypotension |
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What should be monitored when using Acetazolamide (Diamox) and why |
Electrolytes should be monitored and avoid with sulfur allergies because Diamox has diuretic effects and contain sulfa |
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Tonometry is used for what |
To measure intracranial pressure and screens for glaucoma |
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Signs and symptoms of glaucoma may be absent which is also called Silent thief of sight or may include |
Blurred vision, difficulty focusing or decrease in peripheral vision |
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Acute angle closure (pupillary block) glaucoma is associated with what |
Quick rise in intraocular pressure and is an ocular mergency |
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Acute angle closure glaucoma is accompanied by what? |
Pre ocular pain, conjunctival hyperemia, and a fixed semi dilated pupil |
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What can happen with conditions that result in increased intraocular pressure |
It could impair blood flow to the retina, damage the optic nerve and lead to blindness |
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What are some actions that increase intraocular pressure |
Sneezing, coughing, holding their breath, squeezing the eyelids in the valsalva maneuver |
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Following eye surgery what are some activities that should be avoided that can increase intraocular pressure |
Lifting, pushing or pulling objects greater than 10 lb, bending or stooping for prolonged periods of time, strenuous activity, lying on the affected eye, and limit your movements (limiting walking, reading, watching television, and vacuuming) |
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How is intraocular pressure determined |
It is determined by the amount of aqueous humor that is produced in drained between 10 to 21 mmhg |
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What is the macula and what happens with macular degeneration |
The macula is the area of the retina that provide central vision macular degeneration result in central vision loss |
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What is the Amsler grid used for |
To detect macular degeneration and patients should be taught to use the grid to detect changes early |
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Which eye medications decrease equation humor production |
Alpha adrenergic Agonist brimonidine and Carbonic anhydrase Inhibitors acetazolamide |
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What is mydriasis and what caused it |
It is impaired pupil dilation and can cause by Alpha antagonist such as tamsulosin (Flomax) |
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Severe myopia increases the risk for what |
Retinal detachment |
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What are signs of retinal detachment |
Sudden flashing lights, floaters (spots or strings), decrease in vision, and or a curtain covering a portion of one's vision |
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Following a pneumatic retinopexy a client should be placed in what position and why |
Client should be placed in a prone position so the injected bubble is able to float and serve as a tamponade over the retinal detachment |
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What happens if an object is impaled in the eye |
Should never be removed |
