Chapter 6.1 And 6.2 Kt (Learning - Behaviorism And Classical Conditioning)

Front 1

acquisition

Back 1

the process that strengthens or establishes a conditioned response

Front 2

behaviorist

Back 2

psychologist who insists that psychologists should study only measurable, observable behaviors and not mental processes.

Front 3

blocking effect

Back 3

the previously established association to one stimulus blocks formation of an association to the added stimulus.

Hint 3

rats - conditioned to tone, don't respond to addition of light because nothing new happens in response to tone.

Front 4

classical conditioning (aka Pavlovian conditioning)

Back 4

the process by which an organism learns a new association between two paired stimuli (a neural stimulus as one that already evokes a reflexive response).

Hint 4

Example - salivating when hungry, buzzer at mealtime, eventually buzzer triggers salivation

Front 5

conditioned response

Back 5

Whatever response the conditioned stimulus elicits as a result of the conditioning (training) procedure

Hint 5

Ex salivation after hearing metronome

Front 6

conditioned stimulus

Back 6

A neutral stimulus used to condition or train a response in an organism (becomes this)

Hint 6

Ex metronome played at mealtime

Front 7

discrimination

Back 7

responding differently because two different stimuli predict two different outcomes.

Hint 7

recognition of differences between stimuli.

Front 8

drug tolerance

Back 8

users of certain drugs experience progressively weaker effects after taking the drugs repeatedly.

Front 9

extinction

Back 9

Deleting a conditioned response by repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus.

Hint 9

This is re-training, not eliminating the urge or response or memory.

Front 10

intervening variable

Back 10

something that we cannot directly observe but that links a variety of procedures to a variety of possible responses.

Hint 10

example: operation of food deprivation or other stimuli, with hunger as intervening variable, can result in observable response (eating)

Front 11

methodological behaviorist

Back 11

study only the events that they can measure and observe (environment and individual's actions) and sometimes use those observations to infer internal events

Front 12

radical behaviorist

Back 12

does not deny that internal events exist but they deny that hunger, fear, or any other internal private event causes behavior.

Hint 12

Ex: instead of saying food deprivation leads to hunger and hunger leads to eating, might as well say food deprivation leads to eating.,

Front 13

spontaneous recovery

Back 13

temporary return of an extinguished response after a delay.

Front 14

stimulus generalization

Back 14

extension of a conditioned response from the training stimulus to similar stimuli

Front 15

stimulus-response psychology

Back 15

the attempt to explain behavior in terms of how much each stimulus triggers a response.

Front 16

unconditioned reflex

Back 16

autonomic connections between a stimulus such as food and a response such as secreting digestive fluids.

Front 17

unconditioned response (UCR)

Back 17

The automatic response to an unconditioned stimulus

Front 18

unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Back 18

Where a particular stimulus consistently, automatically elicits a particular response.