Chapter 5

Front 1

The importance of the Sheinberg and Logothetis research on monkeys that presented a butterfly to one eye and a sunburst pattern to the other eye is that it showed

Back 1

changes in perception are linked to cortical neural firing.

Front 2

Gestalt "laws" are more accurately described as heuristics because they

Back 2

provide a "best-guess" as to perception of an object.

Front 3

Grill-Spector et al.'s (2004) "Harrison Ford" study showed that object recognition is associated with ____, and detection is associated with ____.

Back 3

a large response from the FFA; a smaller response from the FFA

Front 4

Perceiving the emotional aspects of a face are reflected by activation in the brain structure called

Back 4

the amydala.

Front 5

Which of the following is a general determinant of figure-ground segregation?

Back 5

A lower region is more likely to be perceived as figure than an upper region.

Front 6

The theory of unconscious inference

Back 6

is closely related to the "likelihood principle."

Front 7

When Palmer (1975) showed observers a kitchen scene and then a target picture, which picture was identified correctly 80% of the time?

Back 7

a loaf of bread, because it matches the context of the scene

Front 8

The Olympic symbol is an example of the Gestalt law of

Back 8

Pragnanz.

Front 9

The relationship between environmental regularities, physiology, and perception is most likely established by

Back 9

experience-dependent plasticity.

Front 10

Tong used binocular rivalry to test brain response when the person perceived a house or a face. When the person perceived the house, activity in the ____ increased.

Back 10

PPA

Front 11

Humans need approximately ____ to perceive the gist of a scene.

Back 11

250 miliseconds

Front 12

Computers are better than humans at perceiving objects because

Back 12

none of these; humans are better than computers at object perception.

Front 13

The ____ effect is that humans perceive horizontals and verticals more easily than other orientations.

Back 13

oblique

Front 14

A masking stimulus is used to

Back 14

stop persistence of vision.

Front 15

The ____ problem shows that numerous physical stimuli can create exactly the same image on the retina.

Back 15

inverse projection

Front 16

A cell in area V1 of a monkey is shown to fire when a vertical bar is presented. When bars of random orientation are added around the vertical bar, the firing rate of the cell ____; when bars of some of the surrounding bars are changed to a vertical orientation, the firing rate of the cell ____.

Back 16

decreases;increases

Front 17

"Viewpoint invariance" means

Back 17

humans can easily recognize objects when seen from different viewpoints.

Front 18

A voxel is

Back 18

a small cube-shaped area of the brain about 1-2 mm on each side.

Front 19

Humans use the ____ to determine shape from shading.

Back 19

light-form-above heuristic

Front 20

Corey looks at a flock of seagulls flying in one direction, when suddenly five of the seagulls start flying in another direction. He now perceives two groups of birds, because of the Gestalt law of

Back 20

common fate

Front 21

Gestalt psychologists used the example of illusory contours to support the claim that

Back 21

the whole is different than the sum of its parts.

Front 22

Border ownership means that when figure-ground segregation occurs, the border between the figure and background

Back 22

is perceived to be associated with the figure.

Front 23

An important aspect of the "region-of-interest" approach is to

Back 23

pre-test stimuli for each individual participant.