Chapter 29: Plant Structure And Function

Front 1

The 3 groups of plants are??

Back 1

Green algae, bryophytes, and vascular plants

Front 2

Where do bryophytes get there water?

Back 2

From their surface

Front 3

What are the 4 parts of a vascular plant?

Back 3

Roots, stem, leaf, and reproductive organs (flower)

Front 4

The three major tissues in a leaf

Back 4

Epidermis, mesophyll, veins

Front 5

What do mesophyll in leaves do?

Back 5

Intercept light

Front 6

What do somata do?

Back 6

Allows plants take in carbon and release water

Front 7

Transpiration

Back 7

The process of losing water

Front 8

What do guard cells do?

Back 8

They form a pore in the stoma

Front 9

When is the stoma open?

Back 9

When there is a high level of water in the plant

Front 10

When is the stoma closed?

Back 10

When there is little water in the plant

Front 11

Does the stoma use energy to open or close?

Back 11

To open

Front 12

What are the 2 networks in a plants stem?

Back 12

Phloem and xylem

Front 13

Xylem

Back 13

Transports water and nutrients from the root to the leaves

Front 14

Phloem

Back 14

Transports carbohydrates throughout the plant

Front 15

How many directions can the xylem go?

Back 15

1 direction

Front 16

What does a xylem secrete into its cell wall to strengthen it?

Back 16

Lignin

Front 17

What is left in the cells after they form the xylem?

Back 17

Nothing. No nucleus or other organelles

Front 18

2 formations of xylem

Back 18

Tracheids and vessels

Front 19

What is the difference between tracheids and vessels?

Back 19

Tracheids are single called and vessels are multicellular

Front 20

What are pits in a xylem?

Back 20

Pores that allow water and nutrients to enter and exit

Front 21

What allows water to travel upwards in the xylem.

Back 21

Hydrogen bonds that pull the water up through

Front 22

Collapse

Back 22

When the force of water pulls the wall of the xylem in restricting water flow

Front 23

Cavitation

Back 23

Air gets trapped in a xylem breaking the hydrogen bond of the water stopping the flow

Front 24

Sieve elements

Back 24

Cells making up the phloem

Front 25

Companion cells

Back 25

Cells adjacent to sieve elements that do protein synthesis

Front 26

How are sieve elements and companion cells connectes

Back 26

Through plasmodesmata

Front 27

Sieve plate

Back 27

Connects sieve elements together

Front 28

Sources

Back 28

Regions of a plant that produce or store carbs

Front 29

Sinks

Back 29

Parts of a plant that the carbs are bring sent to

Front 30

What drives the movement of sap in the phloem?

Back 30

Turgor pressure

Front 31

What direction does turgor pressure drive sap?

Back 31

From high to low concentrations

Front 32

Why are roots branched?

Back 32

To increase surface area in order to maximize water intake

Front 33

Endodermal cells

Back 33

Regulates movements of nutrients into the xylem

Front 34

Mycorrhizae

Back 34

Symbiotic relationship with plants allows them to have better phosphate uptake