Chapter 25 Study Guide

Front 1

Growth of Cities

Back 1

By 1890 there were three cities with populations greater than 1 million, partially due to the invention of the sky scraper

Front 2

Louis Sullivan

Back 2

architect who invented the skyscraper. "form follows function"

Front 3

Slums

Back 3

horrible places in cities with bad living conditions that are dirty, gross, and house the poor.

Front 4

New Immigration

Back 4

In the 1880s the types of immigrants started to change, they were coming from Eastern and Southern Europe, rather than Western Europe. New cultures

Front 5

Little Italy/Poland

Back 5

Many of the new immigrants brought their cultures with them, and created communities together

Front 6

Social Gospel

Back 6

Protestant clergyman started to preach about social reforms that should be made in the city that the government was ignoring led to christian socialism

Front 7

Jane Addams

Back 7

A woman deeply dedicated to uplifting the urban masses. Started the Hull House

Front 8

Settlement Houses

Back 8

Houses that helped immigrants make the transition from their old countries to new city life. First form of welfare

Front 9

Florence Kelley

Back 9

A woman of the Hull House who fought for welfare for women and children.

Front 10

Lillian Ward

Back 10

A woman activist who started the Henry Street Settlement in 1893 in New York City

Front 11

New Nativism

Back 11

With the new immigration came an uprising of new nativism.

Front 12

APA

Back 12

American Protective Association. a newer form of the Know-Nothing party. Argued for the American worker and helped pass anti-foreigner legislation.

Front 13

Statue of Liberty

Back 13

A gift from the French. It represented a shift to the idea that America is a melting pot. It also represented the "scum" coming into the US for nativists.

Front 14

Changes in Churches

Back 14

With the new immigration came in influx of new types of churches and religions. People were also rejecting god for more materialistic things.

Front 15

Mary Baker Eddy

Back 15

Founder of Christian Science. She wrote SCIENCE AND HEALTH WITH KEY TO SCRIPTURE in 1879, saying that prayer could heal disease.

Front 16

YMCA/YWCA

Back 16

Many city dwellers participated in these communities. It was a place for physical activity, social activity, and religious activity.

Front 17

Charles Darwin

Back 17

Wrote ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES which was extremely controversial because it contradicted creationism with a theory of evolution. While it was denied at first by many, most accepted it by 1875.

Front 18

Fundamentalists

Back 18

The minority who did not accept Darwin's theory and believed the literal word of the bible

Front 19

Changes in Education

Back 19

By 1900 there were over 6000 public schools in the US, it was becoming more and more important.

Front 20

Booker T. Washington

Back 20

The South had much worse public education than the north, especially southern blacks. Washington headed the Tuskegee Institute to educate southern blacks so they could succeed in the white man's world. He practiced "accommodation ism"

Front 21

W.E.B. Dubois

Back 21

Refuted Booker T. Washington's "accommodation ism" and argued that blacks should be equal. He was the first black man to graduate from harvard. Major role in the founding of the NAACP

Front 22

NAACP

Back 22

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Front 23

Morrill Act

Back 23

1862, a law that provided generous grants for public land to states would use it for education. Land-grant colleges came about because of this.

Front 24

Hatch Act

Back 24

1887, a law that provided funding for the establishment of agriculture experimentation stations connected to "land grant colleges"

Front 25

Sensationalism

Back 25

Simple writing about sex, scandal, and human interest. This is what the semi-literate people of the city wanted.

Front 26

Joseph Pulitzer

Back 26

A leader in the technique of Sensationalism, especially with his work in the New York World.

Front 27

Yellow Journalism

Back 27

Referring to Pulitzer's style of writing, getting its name from Pulitzer's comic "yellow kid"

Front 28

Henry George

Back 28

A liberal idealist, who wrote PROGRESS AND POVERTY, about the unfairness of people's lives who live in poverty.

Front 29

Edward Bellamy

Back 29

A Mass. yankee who published the socialist novel LOOKING BACKWARD which suggested nationalization of all major industry

Front 30

Horatio Alger

Back 30

A Puritan man who wrote over 100 novels for kids selling hundreds of millions of copies. They taught good morals. "dime novels"

Front 31

Walt Whitman

Back 31

A poet who wrote LEAVES OF GRASS

Front 32

Mark Twain

Back 32

American classic author, who was a satirist

Front 33

Theodore Dreiser

Back 33

A writer from Indiana who wrote SISTER CARRIE in 1900. His books described women rising up in society and were very controversial.

Front 34

New Feminism

Back 34

Women in the country had the ability to control their families more than those in the city, so those in the city wanted that power made up for with voting rights.

Front 35

Ida B. Wells

Back 35

Black women were left out of the new feminism movement, and she inspired them to get involved themselves. She was also passionate about anti-lynching

Front 36

New Temperance

Back 36

Alcohol consumption had increased post-civil war and the increase of liquor loving immigrants. women wanted their husbands to stop wasting their families income on alcohol.

Front 37

WCTU

Back 37

Women's Christian Temperance Movement organized in 1874. White ribbon was the symbol of purity.