Ap Us History Chapter 25

Front 1

FDR’s First Inaugural Address-

Back 1

The “nothing to fear but fear itself” inaugural

Front 2

Fireside Chats-

Front 3

The Brain Trust-

Back 3

FDR’s Columbia University advisers

Front 4

Bank Holiday-

Back 4

Declared by FDR upon taking Presidency it closed down banks to keep them from failing until FDR could pass emergency New Deal bills & reassure the public that banks could be trusted

Front 5

Emergency Banking Act-

Back 5

1933 FDR bill that monitored banks to keep them from bankruptcy

Front 6

Hundred Days-

Back 6

Period after FDR’s inauguration during which 15 major New Deal laws were passed

Front 7

Home Owners Loan Corporation-

Back 7

New Deal legislation to help people refinance and keep their homes

Front 8

Glass-Steagall Act-

Back 8

New Deal legislation that separated commercial and investment banking & created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to protect bank accounts

Front 9

Civilian Conservation Corps-

Back 9

a.k.a. CCC. New Deal legislation to put young men to work in environmental conservation

Front 10

Tennessee Valley Authority-

Back 10

a.k.a.TVA. New Deal legislation to promote industrial development in TN Valley by building dams, providing power & managing resources

Front 11

Agricultural Adjustment Act-

Back 11

a.k.a.AAA. New Deal legislation to provide subsidies for farmers to cut production

Front 12

National Industrial Recovery Act-

Back 12

New Deal legislation that created the National Recovery Administration (NRA) to regulate industry. It’s slogan “We Do Our Part” was one of the most famous of the New Deal.

Front 13

Federal Emergency Relief -

Back 13

a.k.a.FERA. New Deal legislation under Harry Hopkins that gave direct relief (i.e.$) to people

Front 14

The Dole-

Front 15

Public Works Administration-

Back 15

a.k.a. PWA. New Deal legislation to put people to work on public works projects

Front 16

Civil Works Administration-

Back 16

a.k.a. CWA. New Deal legislation to put people to work on public works projects

Front 17

Alphabet Soup Agencies-

Back 17

Term for FDR’s many New Deal programs

Front 18

Securities and Exchange-

Back 18

a.k.a. SEC. New Deal legislation to regulate the stock market and in particular buying stocks on credit

Front 19

Commission

Back 19

(margin buying )

Front 20

Banking Act of 1935-

Back 20

New Deal legislation that put control of interest rates at federal level and further centralized US banking

Front 21

Liberty League-

Back 21

Anti-New Deal organization formed in 1934 that accused FDR of being a socialist

Front 22

Schechter v. United States-

Back 22

1935 Supreme Court decision striking down the NRA and threatening all New Deal legislation

Front 23

Townsend Clubs-

Back 23

Formed after 1933 to promote Francis Townsend’s idea of old-age pensions

Front 24

Father Charles Coughlin-

Front 25

Huey Long-

Back 25

Radical populist LA governor & senator whose Share the Wealth Society proposed 100% tax on incomes over $1 million & inheritances over $5 million. He forced FDR to the left and might have challenged him for the 1936 nomination but was assassinated in 1953.

Front 26

Second New Deal-

Back 26

FDR’s plan to increase the role of the federal gov’t to redistribute the nation’s wealth

Front 27

Wagner Act-

Back 27

1935 Second New Deal legislation that protected the right of workers to organize

Front 28

Social Security Act-

Back 28

1935 Second New Deal legislation that provided old-age pensions & help to disabled and “deserving poor”

Front 29

Welfare State-

Back 29

Idea that the gov’t (i.e. the state) should be the primary provider of social & economic security

Front 30

Works Progress Administration-

Front 31

Revenue Act-

Back 31

1935 Second New Deal legislation that increased inheritance, income & corporate taxes

Front 32

Election of 1936-

Back 32

FDR defeats Republican Alf Landon in a landslide

Front 33

FDR’s Second Inaugural Address-

Back 33

The “ill-housed, ill-clad, ill-nourished” inaugural

Front 34

Court Packing Scandal-

Back 34

FDR tries to increase from 9 to 15 the number of Supreme Court justices to protect his New Deal in 1937

Front 35

National Housing Act-

Back 35

1937 Second New Deal legislation that mandated the construction of low-cost housing

Front 36

Fair Labor Standards Act-

Front 37

Roosevelt Recession-

Back 37

1937-1938 economic slowdown after FDR reduced federal programs in hope that the pump was primed

Front 38

John Maynard Keynes-

Back 38

British economist who proposed that deficit spending (the spending of public funds obtained by borrowing rather than taxation) would stimulate economies (or prime the pump)

Front 39

Congress of Industrial Org-

Back 39

a.k.a.CIO. Industrial (as opposed to trade) union founded by United Mine Workers (UMW) president John L. Lewis in 1935 which helped to make General Motors recognize the United Automobile Workers (UAW) in 1936 and US Steel Corporation recognize the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (SWOC) in 1937

Front 40

Memorial Day Massacre-

Back 40

Chicago labor riot at Republic Steel plant in 1937

Front 41

Francis Perkins-

Back 41

FDR’s sec of labor, she was the first woman appointed to a cabinet post

Front 42

Eleanor Roosevelt-

Back 42

FDR’s wife and helpmate who was considered the conscience of the New Deal

Front 43

Mary McLeod Bethune-

Back 43

Black Braintruster woman who ran FDR’s Office of Minority Affairs

Front 44

Indian Reorganization Act-

Back 44

1934 New Deal legislation a.k.a. Indian New Deal. It reversed the Dawes Act and encouraged self-gov’t

Front 45

Rural Electrification-

Back 45

1935 New Deal legislation to bring power to rural areas

Front 46

Federal One-

Back 46

New Deal arts program that was part of the WPA to employ artists

Front 47

Federal Art Project-

Back 47

a.k.a.FAP. New Deal program led by Holger Cahill to put artists to work

Front 48

Federal Music Project-

Back 48

New Deal program led by Nicholas Sokoloff to employ musicians and catalog American folk tunes

Front 49

Federal Writers Project-

Back 49

a.k.a.FWP led by Henry Alsberg to employ writers

Front 50

Federal Theatre project-

Back 50

a.k.a.FTP led by Hallie Flanagan to employ theatre workers. It was terminated in 1939 due to its pro-socialist work that many red-baiters (people who accused people of being pro-communist) objected to

Front 51

Red-Baiting-

Back 51

Accusing people of being communists or socialists or being sympathetic to those causes

Front 52

Documentary Impulse-

Back 52

Artistic trend that presented actual facts & events in ways that aroused the interest & emotion of the audience