Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acute lung injury
|
an umbrella term for hypoxemic, respiratory failure; acute respiratory distress syndrome is a severe form of acute lung injury
|
|
acute respiratory distress syndrome
|
nonspecific pulmonary response to a variety of pulmonary and non pulmonary insults to the lung; characterized by interstitial infiltrates, alveolar hemorrhage, atelectasis, decreased compliance, and refractory hyoxemia
|
|
asbestosis
|
diffuse lung fibrosis resulting from exposure to asbestos fibers
|
|
atelectasis
|
collapse or airless condition of the alveoli caused by hypoventilation, obstruction to the airways, or compression
|
|
central cyanosis
|
bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to hemoglobin carrying reduced amounts of oxygen
|
|
consolidation
|
lung tissue that has become more solid in nature due to collapse of alveoli or infectious process (pneumonia)
|
|
cor pulmonale
|
"heart of the lungs"; enlargement of the right ventricle from hypertrophy or dilation or as a secondary response to disorders that affect the lungs
|
|
emphyema
|
accumulation of purulent material in the pleural space
|
|
fine-needle aspiration
|
insertion of a needle through the chest wall to obtain cells of a mass or tumor; usually performed under fluoroscopy or chest computed tomography guidance
|
|
hemoptysis
|
the coughing up of blood from the lower respiratory tract
|
|
hemothorax
|
partial or complete collapse of the lung due to blood accumulating in the pleural space; may occur after surgery or trauma
|
|
induration
|
an abnormally hard lesion or reaction, as in a positive tuberculin skin test
|
|
nosocomial
|
pertaining to or originating from a hospitalization; not present at the time of hospital admission
|
|
open lung biopsy
|
biopsy of lung tissue performed through a limited thoracotomy incision
|
|
orthopnea
|
shortness of breath when reclining or in the supine position
|
|
pleural effusion
|
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
|
|
pleural friction rub
|
localized grating or creaking sound casued by the rubbing together of inflamed parietal and visceral pleurae
|
|
pleural space
|
the area between the parietal and visceral pleurae; a potential space
|
|
pneumothorax
|
parital or complete collapse of the lung due to positive pressure in the pleural space
|
|
pulmonary edema
|
increase in the amount of extravascular fluid in the lung
|
|
pulmonary embolism
|
obstruction of the pulmonary vasculature with an embolus; embolus may be due to blood clot, air bubbles, or fat droplets
|
|
purulent
|
consisting of, containing , or discharging pus
|
|
restrictive lung disease
|
disease of the lung that causes a decrease in lung volumes
|
|
tension pneumothorax
|
pneumothorax characterized by increasing positive pressure in the pleural space with each breath; this is an emergency situation and the positive pressure needs to be decompressed or released immediately
|
|
thoracentesis
|
insertion of a needle into the pleural space to remove fluid that has accumulated and decrease pressure on the lung tissue; may also be used diagnostically to identify potential causes of a pleural effusion
|
|
transbronchial
|
through the bronchial wall, as in a transbronchial lung biopsy
|
|
ventilation perfusion ratio
|
the ratio between ventilation and perfusion in the lung; matching of ventilation to perfusion optimizes gas exchange
|