Chapter 14.3 Mutation And Dna Repair

Front 1

Mutagens alter DNA how? Disrupting paring....

Back 1

Disrupting paring through modification of nucleotide structures

Front 2

Mutagens alter DNA: how do they modify the nucleotide structure?

Back 2

Notrous acid de-aminates bases so that modified bases do not pair with appropriate nucleotide

Front 3

Mutagens alter DNA: how? Ionizing radiation...

Back 3

Ionizing radiation has high energy and can penetrate DNA to create free radicals.

Front 4

Mutagens alter DNA: what types of waveforms from ionizing radiation cause mutagens?

Back 4

X rays and Gamma rays

Front 5

Mutagens alter DNA: X rays and Gamma rays do what specifically to DNA?

Back 5

They cause base deletions or breaks in 1 or both DNA strands

Front 6

Mutagens alter DNA: Nonionizing radiation...

Back 6

Nonionizing radiation has less energy and can only penetrate the surface

Front 7

Mutagens alter DNA: What types on nonionizing radiation cause mutagens?

Back 7

UV rays

Front 8

Mutages alter DNA: nonionizing radation caused by UV rays does what?

Back 8

cause formation of thymine dimer causing gaps or incorporation of incorrect bases

Front 9

DNA Repair: What does it mean?

Back 9

All living organisms must have the ability to repair changes that occur in DNA in order to minimize mutation

Front 10

DNA Repair requires (2)

Back 10

DNA damage to be detected. Repair of DNA damage

Front 11

Repair enzyme does what? (2)

Back 11

recognizes incorrect structure in DNA and corrects it.

Front 12

Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER). How common?

Back 12

Most common DNA repair system.

Front 13

NER : How does it work?

Back 13

Region encompassing several nucleotides in the damaged strand is removed from the DNA

Front 14

NER : Does it replace what it takes out?

Back 14

Yes, intact undamaged strand is used as a template for re-synthesis of a normal complementary strand