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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the period of papal history 1309 to 1377 that was named after the period of Hebrew exile in Babylon more than 18 centuries before (this period of papal history is where the pope moved the headquarters of the papacy from Rome to Avignon, France
the papal capital stayed in france for 70 years) |
Babylonian Captivity
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the period from 1378 to 1417 meaning a division into hostile groups
this is the time where french pope Gregory XI returned the papacy to rome and the italian cardinals elected a italian pope UrbanVI the french cardinals elected a french pope Clement VII who stayed in france both popes excommunicated each other and the cardinals |
Great Schism
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FOCAS QUESTION 1
what events challenged the power of the church beginning in the 1300s |
1)europe was changing-kings and kingdoms replaced feudal system
2)muslim and pagan influences in europe created skepticism among many catholics esp. toward the wealth and power of the church |
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what caused the decline of the church's temporal power after the reign of Innocent III
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1)kings developed strong national governments with rich treasures
2)townspeople felt the restrictions of church laws hindered trade and industry 3)wisdom of muslim and the pagan greeks that appeared in europe conflicted with church teaching 4)people skeptical of church great wealth,methods of raising money, and worldly lives of some clergy |
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Under what pope did the medieval papacy reach its height of its power
(last chapter) |
Innocent III
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what serious clash between the church and secular authority erupted
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over the issue of weather the clergy had to obey national law or pay taxes
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who was involved in this clash
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Philip IV of france demanded the clergy to pay taxes to the national treasury
Pope Boniface VIII disagreed in a decree called the Unam Sanctam |
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what was the Unam Sanctam about
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Boniface declared his own supremacy over temporal rulers(worldly rulers)
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eventually Philip accused the pope of
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1)simony
2)heresy |
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Philip demanded that a general council of the church bring Boniface to
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trial
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king Philip had his envoy in Italy seize
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pope Boniface and hold him prisioner
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after Boniface was quickly released he died and this led to
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the political power of the papacy weakened
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what made people in other countries suspecious of the french monarch's control of the church
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the pope living in France and not Rome
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what happened to rome in the pope's absence
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rome fell into lawlessness and impoverishment
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what happened when the church council met at Constance during the time of the Great Schism
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1)an attempt to heal the schism and to consider reforms of all the weaknesses of the church
2) they deposed each pope 3)agreed to elect a new pope when a program of reform had been adopted 4)the council drew up a statement of reforms and the cardinals then elected a new pope |
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who wrote Defender of the Peace
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2 scholars and philosophers
Marsilius of Padua John of Jandun |
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what did the writers say in Defender of the Peace
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1)the pope was the elected head of the church only
2)pope had no other temporal (worldly) powers 3)the church's power belonged with a general council that fairly represented both clergy and the laity |
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the ideas of the Defender of the Peace departed from whose concept earlier
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Pope Boniface VIII in the Unam Sanctam
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John Wycliffe was a
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catholic professor at Oxford University
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John Wycliffe seemed driven to replace the authority of the church , which he felt had been discredited, with that of the
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bible
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having the bible translated to english enabled the people to
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read and interpret scripture for themselves
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Jan Hus
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1)influenced by Wycliffe
2)rector at University of Prague 3)denounced abuses in the church 4)angered the clergy and got excommunicated 5)answered charges of hersey before the council of Constance 6)council of Constance tried him as a heretic and burned him at the stake |
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in response to the Unam Sanctum King Philip summoned the first meeting of the
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Estates General
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3 estates (classes) of french society
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1)1st estate-clergy
2)2nd-nobles 3)3rd-commons |
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after pope Boniface's death King Philip managed to have one of his advisors elect
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Pope Clement V
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Clement V immediately moved
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the papal headquarters to Avignon, France
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the papal headquarters remained in Avignon, France for how many popes and years to come
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6 more popes
70 more year this period of time was called the "Babylonian Captivity" |
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the Great Schism (power point)
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1)the French pope Gregory XI returned the papacy to Rome
2)but,the italian Cardinals in rome elected an italian pope-Urban VI-Gregory loses his job 3)in response the French Cardinals elected a French pope-Clement VII-who stayed in Avignon |
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John Wycliffe began to attack
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the wealth and immorality of the catholic clergy as well as the Pope's claim to absolute authority
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John Wycliffe became the 1st to
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translate the Bible from Latin into English
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After his death Wycliffe was
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found guilty of heresy
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the catholic church did what to the remains of John Wycliffe
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1)exhumed(dug up) his body
2)burned them 3)cast his ashes into the River Swift |
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Jan Hus was inspired by
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John Wycliffe
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Jan Hus was a
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catholic headmaster in Bohemia
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Jan Hus also began to attack
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the abuses of the Church
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Jan Hus was found
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guilty of heresy and burned at the stake
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in an attempt to deal with the Great Schism of the Church, and the reform movement started by Wycliffe and Hus the church called a meeting of its leaders to the city of
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Constance
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after a long and bitter debate the Council of Constance drew up
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1)a statement of reforms
2)and the cardinals elected a new Pope-Pope Martin V |
