Chapter 11

Front 1

Antecubital Fossa

Back 1

Crease of the anterior aspect of the elbow

Front 2

Median cubicle vein

Back 2

1st choice for venipuncture, in the middle of the AC, connects the cephalic and basilic veins.

Front 3

Cephalic vein

Back 3

2nd choice for venipuncture located on the outer aspect of the AC

Front 4

Basilic vein

Back 4

3rd choice for veni puncture, runs along the inside of the AC, close to 2 important structures Brachial artery and median nerve.

Front 5

Smaller gauge

Back 5

Small vein

Front 6

Hx of veins collapsing use:

Back 6

Winged infusion set with an adapter and syringe.

Front 7

Syncope

Back 7

Fainting

Front 8

If a draw is missed twice

Back 8

Have another professional attempt the draw, Unless there is an option of having the patient come back another day. If the situation requires blood to be drawn right away apologize for the inconvenience and call the lab to have a another phlebotomist or medical assistant come to perform the draw.

Front 9

Most standard tubes for adult collection are between 2mL and ?

Back 9

5mL in volume

Front 10

Culture bottles hold a maximum volume of

Back 10

10mL

Front 11

The fluid portion of the blood containing 90% water and 10% solutes.

Back 11

Plasma

Front 12

Formed elements

Back 12

Red and white blood cells

Front 13

Serum

Back 13

Contains the same things as plasma except that clotting factors have been used to form a separate clot. Serum is isolated by centrifuging blood after a clot has formed in a red tube or SST (serum separator tube). The difference between serum and plasma is that fibrin, the part of the blood that causes clotting is still in the fluid portion of plasma, but has been used up (to form a clot) in serum.

Front 14

What's the difference between plasma and serum?

Back 14

Plasma still contains the clotting agent fibrin.

Front 15

Small 23-25 Gauge used for

Back 15

Small or fragile veins

Front 16

Medium 21-22 Gauge

Back 16

Most venipunctures

Front 17

Larger 16-18 Gauge

Back 17

Blood donation

Front 18

Specimen Label (4 things)

Back 18

Patient Name

Time of Draw

Date (DD/MM/YY)

Phlebotomists Initials

Front 19

Store a capillary tube in a:

Back 19

Red-top which will protect the otherwise fragile and small capillary tube while giving you more space to label.

Front 20

HBV Signs and symptoms

Back 20

Abdominal pain, lack of appetite, skin rash, fever, jaundice, extreme fatigue, occasional joint pain.

Front 21

HBV Modes of transmission

Back 21

Unprotected sex, sharing dirty needles, birthing process, needle sticks, perinatally, blood transfusion

Front 22

Hep C

Back 22

Causes inflammation of the liver, virus, most common chronic blood borne infection and the US. 70 percent of infected persons develop chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, liver cancer) 80% show no signs and symptoms leading reason for liver transplant.

Front 23

HBV

Back 23

The most frequently occurring lab associated infection. The virus can survive in dried blood on work services and equipment for one week. Causes and inflamation of the liver and 30% of people with infection do not show signs and symptoms. It can take from 2 to 6 months of HBV to present symptom- atically making it difficult to identify.

Front 24

HBV vaccine

Back 24

Hepatitis B vaccine is available 3 injections over a 6 month period. Having hep B increases chances of contracting hep C.

Front 25

Hep C Signs & sx's

Back 25

Abdominal pain, anorexia, skin rash, fever, jaundice, extreme fatigue occasional, joint pain.

Front 26

Hep C Modes of transmission

Back 26

Unprotected sex, sharing dirty needles, birthing process, needle sticks, perinatally, blood transfusion.

Front 27

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Back 27

The virus can lead to the development of aids. At least 50% of the HIV exposures that occur and the health care setting are associated with needle sticks from phlebotomy.

Front 28

Standard universal precautions

Back 28

Assume all blood bodily fluids and tissue from all patients are contaminated.

Front 29

Engineering practices: devices that isolate remove that hazard of BBP from workplace reduces the risk of exposure to employees. (There are 3)

Back 29

Sharps containers

self sheathing needles

special airflow rooms

Front 30

Workplace practices: controls put in place by the employer to reduce/ prevent transmission of BBP (there are 5)

Back 30

Proper hand washing

proper disposal of contaminated needles

no eating drinking smoking or playing cosmetics contact lenses and lab area

no pipetting of specimens

isolation procedures

Front 31

Ongoing/annual employee education

Back 31

All employees must have proper BBP exposure training within 90 days of hire and then annually.

Front 32

Record keeping

Back 32

Medical records of employees with BBP exposure must be kept while employed plus 30 years.

Front 33

Hematoma

Back 33

A localized collection of blood out side the vessel

Front 34

Hemoconcentration

Back 34

The occurrence of a decrease in plasma volume which subsequently causes an increase in red blood cells and other solutes in a blood sample. Typically occurs when a tourniquet is left on a patient's arm for too long a period of time.

Front 35

Hemolysis

Back 35

The rupture or destruction of the membrane of a red blood cell. May be caused if blood is forced through too small a needle or if a blood tube is shaken too vigorously.

Front 36

Aneurism

Back 36

A ballooning or bulging of the artery caused by wall weakness that can rupture and cause damage or death.

Front 37

Arterialsclerosis or atherosclerosis

Back 37

A build-up of fat cholesterol or other substances form plaques on walls of blood vessels.

Front 38

Embolus

Back 38

A mass in the blood stream usually a blood clot or fragment of a clot.

Front 39

Hemoststasis

Back 39

Vasoconstruction, platelet plug, coagulation

Front 40

Anemia

Back 40

Lower than normal number of red blood cells in the circulatory system.

Front 41

Leukemia

Back 41

Higher than normal number of white blood cells in the circulatory system characterized by many abnormal cell forms

Front 42

Thrombocytopenia

Back 42

Decrease platelets in the circulatory system.

Front 43

Neutropenia

Back 43

Abnormally low levels of white blood cells.

Front 44

Phlebitis

Back 44

Venous inflammation can be caused by excessive venipuncture.

Front 45

When to use the Syringe Venipuncture Procedure

Back 45

Fragile veins

Prone to collapse

Two populations: elderly and neonates

Front 46

Blood obtained through the skin puncture is a mixture of:

Back 46

Arterial blood

Venous blood and

Capillary blood