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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microorganisms ( or microbes for short )
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A microscopic form of life including bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and protistan cells.
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Microbiome
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The community of microorganisms in an environment or body location.
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Pathogens
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A microorganism or virus that causes illness or disease.
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Animalcules
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A tiny, microscopic organism observed by Leeuwenhoek.
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Spontaneous generation
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The doctrine that nonliving, decaying matter could spontaneously give rise to living organisms.
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Miasma
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An ill- defined idea of the 1700s and 1800s that suggested diseased were caused by an altered chemical quality of the atmosphere.
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Vaccination
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Inoculation with weakened or dead microbes, or viruses, in order to generate immunity.
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Epidemiology
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The scientific study of the source, cause, and transmission of disease within a population.
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Bacteria
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The domain that includes all organisms not classified as Archaea or Eukarya.
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Pasteurization
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A heating process that destroys human pathogens in a fluid such as milk and lowers the overall number of bacterial cells in the fluid.
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Germs
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Microorganisms in the air.
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Germ theory of disease
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The principle formulated by Pasteur and proved by Koch that microorganisms are responsible for infectious diseases.
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Antisepsis
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The use of chemical methods for eliminating or reducing the growth or replication of infectious agents.
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Colonies
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A visible mass of microorganisms of one type growing on or in a solid growth medium.
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Pure culture
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An accumulation or colony of microorganisms of one species.
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Koch's postulates
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A set of procedures by which a specific pathogen can be related to a specific infectious disease.
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Bacteriology
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The scientific study of prokaryotes in the domain Bacteria and Archaea.
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Nitrogen fixation
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The chemical process by which microorganisms convert nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia.
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Immunology |
The scientific study of the structure and function of the immune system.
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Mycology
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The scientific study of fungi.
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Protozoology
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The scientific study of protozoa.
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Phycology
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The scientific study of algae.
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Decomposers
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A bacterial or fungal organism that breaks down and recycles dead or decaying matter.
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Archaea
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The domain of living organisms that excludes the Bacteria and Eukarya.
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Prokaryotic
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Referring to cells or organisms usually having a single chromosome but no cell nucleus and few subcompartments.
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Chemotherapy
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The process of using chemical agents to treat diseases and infections, or other disorders, such as cancer.
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Polymicrobial diseases
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A clinical or pathological condition caused by more than one infectious agent.
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Emerging infectious diseases
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A new disease or changing disease that is seen within a population for the first time.
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Reemerging infectious diseases
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A disease showing a resurgence in incidence or a spread in its geographical area.
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Bioflim
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A complex community of microorganisms that form a protective and adhesive matrix that attaches to a surface, such as a catheter or industrial pipeline.
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