Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is this finding? Associated with? |
Arachnoid cyst, it’s in the intracranial. Noncommunicating- benign. Associated with Ventriculomegaly. |
|
What is this finding? What’s seen with this finding? Associated with? |
Spina Bifida. Lemon skull sign is seen with this, obliteration of cistern magna. Associated with ventriculomegaly. |
|
What is this finding? Associated with? What is seen with this finding? |
Cephalocele. Associated with ventriculomegaly. Seen with occasional lemon sign and obliteration of cisterna magna. |
|
|
What is this finding? Associated with? Explain what it is? |
Alobar Holoprosencephaly. Associated with ventriculomegaly. Severe form, singular monoventricule brain, absence of CSP, fusion of thalamus. |
|
|
What is this finding? Associated with? What is this exactly? |
Semilobar Holoprosencephaly. Associated with ventriculomegaly. Moderate, singular ventricular cavity with partial formation of occipital horns, partial (complete formation of thalamus. Absent CSP |
|
|
What is this finding? Associated with? What does it exactly entail? |
Lobar Holoprosencephaly. Associated with ventriculomegaly. It’s a mild form, almost complete division of the ventricles. Corpus callosum May appear normal, hypoplastic or absent. CSP still absent. |
|
What’s this finding? What is it’s association? What does this entail? |
Dandy walker complex Associated with ventriculomegaly. It’s a midlife posterior fossa cyst |
|
What’s this finding? What is it’s association? What does this entail? |
Dandy walker complex Associated with ventriculomegaly. It’s a midlife posterior fossa cyst |
|
|
D |
D |
|
What’s this finding? What is it’s association? What does this entail? |
Dandy walker complex Associated with ventriculomegaly. It’s a midlife posterior fossa cyst and defect in cerebellar vermis. |
|
What’s this finding, association and this finding entail? |
Schizencephaly, associated with ventriculomegaly and is clefts in the cerebral cortex. Also known as cerebral mantle. |
|
What is this finding, association, entail? |
Intracranial hemorrhage, assoc with ventriculomegaly, and it’s echogenic/ complex mass in lateral ventricles/ brain parenchyma. |
|
|
Microcephaly is associated with? Definition is? |
Ventriculomegaly and microcephaly = small head. |
|
|
Vascular malformation is what? Associated with? |
Fluid filled lesion with blood flow at Doppler exam. Associated with ventriculomegaly. |
|
|
Craniostenosis is what? Association? |
Abnormal skull shape, assoc with ventriculomegaly. |
|
|
Craniostenosis is what? Association? |
Abnormal skull shape, assoc with ventriculomegaly. |
|
What’s this finding, association? This finding entails? |
Lissencephaly, assoc with ventriculomegaly. Entails absent / reduced cerebral convolutions. |
|
|
What’s the most common neural tube defect? What’s synonmous name? (Absence of the brain). |
Anencephaly. Aprosencephaly / Atelencephaly. |
|
|
Anencephaly is associated with? |
Meckel Gruber, cystic kidneys, occipital encephalocele, microcephaly, microphthalmia, cleft palate, genitourinary anomalies, chromosomal abnormality - Trisomy 13 and 18. |
|
|
Anencephaly what do you see sonographically? Differential? |
Frog eye appearance, absence of brain and cranial vault. Differential- microcephaly, acrania, cephalocele, cystic hygroma. |
|
|
Anencephaly what do you see sonographically? Differential? |
Frog eye appearance, absence of brain and cranial vault. Differential- microcephaly, acrania, cephalocele, cystic hygroma. |
|
|
Sono appearance of Cephalocele? Differential? |
Extracranial mass Differential- cystic hygroma |
|
|
Sono appearance of DWM? Differential? |
Posterior fossa cyst, cerebellar hemispheres will be splayed. Differential- arachnoid cyst, cerebellar hypoplasia. |
|
|
Sono appearance of DWM? Differential? |
Posterior fossa cyst, cerebellar hemispheres will be splayed. Differential- arachnoid cyst, cerebellar hypoplasia. |
|
|
Sono appearance of Vein of Galen aneurysm? Differential? |
Midline cystic structure. Turbulent Doppler flow in cystic space. Differential: arachnoid cyst and porencephalic cyst |
|
|
Sono appearance of DWM? Differential? |
Posterior fossa cyst, cerebellar hemispheres will be splayed. Differential- arachnoid cyst, cerebellar hypoplasia. |
|
|
Sono appearance of Vein of Galen aneurysm? Differential? |
Midline cystic structure. Turbulent Doppler flow in cystic space. Differential: arachnoid cyst and porencephalic cyst |
|
|
Sono appearance of porencephalic cyst? Differential? |
Cyst within the brain parenchyma, no mass effect. Differential - arachnoid cyst, cyst communicating with ventricle. |
|
|
Sono appearance of Hydranencephaly? Differential? |
Absent brain tissue, fluid filled brain, absent or partial absent falx. (No rim of brain tissue) Differential- hydrocephaly, Holoprosencephaly |
|
|
Acrania sono appearance? Assoc with? |
Mickey Mouse appearance. May be associated with spinal defect, cleft palate / lip palate, talipes, cardiac defects, omphalocele, Amniotic Band syndrome. |
|
|
What’s the term called that affect (meninges only)? Affects (brain tissue) only? Affects (meninges and brain tissue)? Affects (meninges, brain tissue and lateral ventricles)? |
Meningocele. Encephalocele. Encephalomeningocele Encephalomenigocystocele |
|
|
What’s the term called that affect (meninges only)? Affects (brain tissue) only? Affects (meninges and brain tissue)? Affects (meninges, brain tissue and lateral ventricles)? |
Meningocele. Encephalocele. Encephalomeningocele Encephalomenigocystocele |
|
|
Cephalocele is what exactly? What’s the location of cephalocele being formed at? Sono- extracranial mass Associated with? Differential? |
Meninges air meninges and brain herniate via a defect in calvarium. Occipital, anterior, frontal, parietal, basal. Associated with polyhydramnios. Differential- cystic hygroma. |
|
What’s this finding? Might be confused with? Assoc with? |
Acrania; might be confused with anencephaly. Assoc with spina bifida, cleft lip / palate, amniotic band syndrome, talipes, cardiac defect, omphalocele. |
|
What’s this finding? Might be confused with? Assoc with? |
Acrania; might be confused with anencephaly. Assoc with spina bifida, cleft lip / palate, amniotic band syndrome, talipes, cardiac defect, omphalocele. |
|
What’s this finding? What’s the reason for this? Differential? |
Anencephaly; failure to close neural tube at cranial end. Differential: acrania, microcephaly, cephalocele, cystic hygroma. |
|
|
What’s cepocephaly and ethmocephaly? |
Cepocephaly is hypotelorism combined with normally placed nose and single nostril. Ethmocephaly is severe hypotelorism with probiscis superior to the eyes. Facial clefts might be seen. |
|
|
4th ventricle and cisterna magna are not full developed until when? |
Until 18 weeks gestation. |
