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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following instances is not an exception to the rule where the Miranda warning is concerned?
a. Inevitable discovery. b. Admissions of mentally impaired defendants who do not understand. c. The information the police seek is needed to protect public safety. d. Initial errors by police in getting statements |
b. Admissions of mentally impaired defendants who do not understand.
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________ refers to a standard of proof that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that an offense has been or is being committed and the suspect is the one who committed the offense.
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Probable Cause
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In which of the following Supreme Court cases did the Court make the exclusionary rule applicable to state courts?
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Mapp Vs. Ohio
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In ________, the Court ruled that it is permissible for one co-occupant of an apartment to give consent to the police to search the premises in the absence of the other occupant, as long as the person giving consent shares common authority over the property and no present co-tenant objects.
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United States v. Matlock
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The legality of "pretext" stops was challenged in this case.
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Whren vs. United States
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In this case the Court ruled that evidence seized by police relying on a warrant issued by a detached and neutral magistrate can be used in a court proceeding, even if the judge who issued the warrant may have relied on less than sufficient evidence or made a mistake in issuing the warrant -- the "good faith exception."
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United States v. Leon
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Information obtained from informers must be:
a. dismissed. b. corroborated. c. recorded manually. d. investigated. |
Corroborated
The court has determined that hearsay evidence must be corroborated to serve as a basis for probable cause and thereby justify the issuance of a warrant. |
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The Terry v. Ohio case produced a ruling related to what type of warrantless search?
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Field interrogations or stop and frisk
In Terry v. Ohio the court ruled that if a reasonably prudent police officer believes that his/her safety or that of others is endangered, he/she may make a reasonable search for weapons on the person regardless of whether she/he has probable cause to arrest that individual for a crime or that absolute certainty exists that the individual is armed. |
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The Chimel doctrine pertains to which of the following type of warrantless searches?
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Searches incident to a lawful arrest
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What did the Court forbid in Delaware v. Prouse regarding police practice during roadblock searches?
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The random stops of vehicles in the absence of any reasonable suspicion that a law has been violated.
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What was the major issue in the case of Florida v. Bostick?
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The legality of bus sweeps.
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Which conversation may be taped without a warrant under the Katz doctrine?
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In a public park
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TRUE/FALSE
A police officer cannot arrest someone for a misdemeanor unless the officer sees the crime occur, known as the in-presence requirement. |
TRUE
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TRUE/FALSE
In United States v. Garcia, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals held that police officers need a warrant to use GPS tracking to follow the movements of a suspect's vehicle. |
FALSE
In United States v. Garcia, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals held that police officers do not need a warrant to use GPS tracking to follow the movements of a suspect's vehicle. |
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TRUE/FALSE
If a defendant was not given the Miranda warning then perjures himself, evidence obtained in violation of the Miranda warning can be used by the government to impeach his testimony during trial. |
TRUE
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TRUE/FALSE
If a suspect during questioning says, "Maybe I should talk to an attorney," all questioning must stop under Miranda. |
FALSE
A suspect must specifically request an attorney in order for questioning to stop under Miranda |
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The federal government has established a federal court system that is:
a. being considered for elimination. b. a one-court system of jurisdiction. c. a three-tiered hierarchy of court jurisdiction. d. designed to place prisoners in state prisons. |
a three-tiered hierarchy of court jurisdiction.
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U.S. District Courts are the trial courts of the federal system. Over which of the following would a U.S. District court have jurisdiction?
a. Auto theft within a single state b. Breaking and entering c. Interstate transport of stolen vehicles d. Domestic violence |
c. Interstate transport of stolen vehicles
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Which of the following best describes the state court system in the U.S.?
a. There is variation in the structure of the appellate courts but not the trial courts across states. b. There is a uniform structure to the trial and appellate courts across the states. c. There is variation in both the trial and appellate court structures across states. d. There is variation in the structure of the trial courts but not the appellate courts across the states. |
c. There is variation in both the trial and appellate court structures across states.
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Which of the following would not constitute a specialty court?
a. Drug court b. Circuit court c. Mental health court d. Community court |
b. Circuit Court
Specialized courts focus on one type of criminal act, for example, drug abuse or domestic violence. |
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Which of the following is not one of the judicial alternatives currently being pursued?
a. Dispute resolution systems b. Tribal courts c. Part-time judges d. Quasi-judicial officers known as magistrates |
b. Tribal Courts
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TRUE/FALSE
The formal trial process is far more common than nonjudicial alternatives. |
FALSE
Plea negotiations and other nonjudicial alternatives, such as diversion, are far more common than the formal trial process |
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TRUE/FALSE
State court systems handle approximately 100 million new cases annually. |
TRUE
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TRUE/FALSE
Arbitration is an informal dispute resolution process in which a neutral third party helps disputing parties reach an agreement. |
FALSE
Mediation is an informal dispute resolution process in which a neutral third party helps disputing parties reach an agreement |
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TRUE/FALSE
Several courts now use digital evidence presentation systems that permit counsel from both sides to present evidence electronically to the jury. |
TRUE
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