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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetaminophen Overdose : time post ingestion to measure APAP level |
4hrs post ingestion for normal fx liver. Using Rumack-Matthew nomogram |
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Acetaminophen Antidote |
Mucomyst/Acetylcystine
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Benzodiazepines Antidote |
Romazicon (Flumazenil) Concern w seizures |
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Carbon Monoxide Antidote |
None. Give 100% O2, to decrease 1/2 life of carboxyhemoglobin level.
Possible concurrent burn injury. Headache is most common sx "cherry red" skin and mucous membranes are late findings. Death occurs due to dysrhythmias.
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Cyanide Toxicity |
From peach pits, inhaled, offgas from burning plastic. Cyanide disrupts cellular respiration. If inhaled death possible <2min. Breath may smell like "bitter almonds" |
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Cyanide Antidote |
Amyl Nitrite nasally or inside mask and... Sodiium Nitrite IVOR Sodium Thiosulfate IV
*don't choose "cyanide kit" on exam* |
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Iron Toxicity : 4phases |
*important in children* 1) 0-6hrs. vomiting, abd pain, bloody diarrhea 2) 6-12hrs. Pt appears to get better. 3) 12-48hrs. CV collapse, shock, GI bleeding, hepatic damage. 4) >48hrs. If they survive. intestinal obstructions, pyloric strictures. |
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Iron Toxicity Treatment |
Activated charcoal -Contraindicated (does not bind with iron) Desferal (chelator agent) causes urine pink or red from urine metabolization.
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Salicylate (aspirin) poisoning. Peak levels at ___. Lethal level ___ Causes what acid-base imbalance |
Peak levels at approx 6hrs post-ingestion Lethal level - >500mg/kg Causes metabolic acidosis |
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Salicylate (aspirin) Toxicity treatment |
Activated charcoal (if no GI bleeding) sodium bicarb K replacement D50 for hypoglycemia Possible whole bowel irrigation. Possible hemodialysis
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Tricyclic Antidepressent Poisoning (Elavil, amitryptiline) |
Very lethal. Anticholinergic and alpha-adrenergic blocking(cause HypOtension) Cardiotoxic effects and CNS depression.
Unexplained : dysrhythmias, seizure, hypotension. Consider TCAs.
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Tricyclic Antidepressent Poisoning (Elavil, amitryptiline) Treatment |
Activated charcoal Benzodiazepines for seizure control Vasopressors for hypotension. |
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Cocaine Treatment |
Benzodiazepines for Sx control If in a HTN urgency, do NOT give nitroglycerin or B-blockers(this will result in profound unopposed alpha cascade) |
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CAGES Questionaire |
ever felt you should CUT down? are you ANNOYED when people talk about your use? have you ever felt GUILTY about your use? do you ever use as an EYE opener? to STEADY your nerves? |
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Lithium Toxicity Symptoms |
Ataxia, nystagmus, renal impairment, seizures
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Lithium Toxicity Treatment |
Rehydration, supplemental sodium
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Digoxin Toxicity Symptoms and Treatment |
Yellow halos, weakness, N/V, palpitations.
Treatment : Digibind |
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Coumadin Antidote |
Vitamin K
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Dilantin Antidote |
Supportive care, treat symptoms |
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Calcium Channel Blocker Antidote |
Calcium Gluconate |
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Ethylene Glycol/Methanol (Antifreeze) Antidote |
10% ETOH solution infusion. Can cause blindness and CNS problems ETOH has higher affinity for binding than the antifreeze. |
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Beta Blocker/ Calcium Channel Blocker Antidote |
Glucagon |
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Methehemoglobinemia Antidote |
Methylene Blue |
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Oral Sulfonylurea (ie Glucitrol) |
Sandostatin (Octreotide) |
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Heparin |
Protamine Sulfate |
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Hydrofluoric Acid |
Calcium Gel on skin. Calcium injection into muscle/skin |
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Petroleum Distilllates (gas, kerosene, paint thinner, mineral oil) |
Hydrocarbons. Causes chemical pneumonitis-edema. Tx - high FiO2, irrigate, observe |
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Organophosphates (found in insecticides and WMD) |
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (results in excess acetylcholine, inhibiting conduction of impulses) Results in muscanaric, nicotinic and CNS sx Anticholinergic effects |
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Organophosphates Assessment : MUDDLES SLUDGEM |
M-iosis U-rination(decreased) D-efecation D-iaphoresis L-acrimation E-xcitation S-alivation
S-alivation L-acrimation U-rinary (increased) D-efecation G-astrointestinal (emesis) E-xcitation M-iosis |
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Organophosphates Treatment |
Decon, protective clothing for team Atropine Cholinergic Pralidoxime(2pam) {frees up bound/deactivated Ach |
