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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal Temperature |
36.7-37.5°C |
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Normal Pulse |
60-100 bpm |
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Normal O2 Sat |
95-100% |
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Normal Respirations |
12-20 breaths/min |
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Normal Blood Pressure |
120/80 mmHg |
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Pulmonary Circulation |
Right side of heart, to lungs, to left side of heart, repeat |
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Systematic circulation |
Lungs, to left side of heart, to body, to right side of heart, repeat |
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Venous Return to the heart |
- Valves in veins prevent backflow of blood - Skeletal Muscle contraction pumps blood along the veins - Respiratory movements change thoracic pressure - Hormone induced vasoconstriction (epinephrin) - If blood is not returning properly you will see: low Oxygen, varicose veins, inflammation of the feet
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Hepatic Portal circulation |
- Veins from the digestive system go to the liver before the heart to make sure that there are no toxic elements in the blood (detoxification) - Hepatic vein – drain blood from the liver into the inferior vena cava - Hepatic artery - Hepatic Portal Vein |
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Pulse |
The stretching and contracting of blood Vessels with each heartbeat |
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Blood Pressure |
- The pressure that blood is putting on the walls of the blood vessel every time the heartbeats - High BP - - Low BP – dizzy, comma, death, organ failure |
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Systolic pressure |
When the heart contracts and pushes blood out creating more pressure in blood vessels |
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Diastolic pressure |
When heart is at resting state. |
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3 components of BP |
Think good shower (Water, pump, hose size right size)** - Blood - Cardiac Output -> Pump (heart) o Heart rate o Stroke volume (amount of blood pumped in 1 heartbeat) o Normal is 5L/min - Peripheral resistance ->Size of blood vessel - Cardiac Output x Peripheral Resistance - Bigger vessel = less pressure; smaller vessel = more pressure |
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Function of blood |
Pump blood through blood vessels creating BP |
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Location of the heart |
behind the sternum, tip towards the left, - broader part (base) at the top, second rib - apex at the bottom, fifth rib |
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Size of the heart |
Size of a fist |
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Endocardium |
inside of heart, endothelial tissue that lines the blood vessels |
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Myocardium |
muscle of the heart; needs the most oxygen – lack of oxygen is called ischemia |
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Myocardium Infraction |
heart attack when the coronary arteries are obstructed and do not bring enough oxygen to the myocardium. |
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Paricardium |
Outside of heart |
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Fibrous |
Very outside layer, tough, protective, fastens on to medial sternum to anchor heart to keep it from flopping |
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Epicardium |
Double serous layer Has fluid between layers so that when the heart beats the heart does not rub against the ribs, friction reducers (same as with the lungs) |
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Flow of blood through heart |
Superior vena cava -> right atrium -> tricuspid valves -> right ventricle ->pulmonary valve -> pulmonary artery -> lungs -> pulmonary vein -> left atrium -> mitral valve-> left ventricle -> aortic valve -> aorta |
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Heart sound - lub dub |
Usually, the atrium contracts first (atrial systole), then the ventricle (ventricular systole) (this makes the lub dub sound (valves closing)), and then sits still (diastole) |
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Depolarization |
Change is cell membrane that allow electric signals to pass through telling the heart to contract. |
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Repolarization |
change in the cell membrane to allow the muscles to relax after the signal passed through, back to relaxation |
