Botany Test 2

Front 1

Annuals, describe give three examples

Back 1

 Seed to flower to seed within one growing season
 Examples: weeds, wildflowers, vegetables

Front 2

Biennials

Back 2

 Seed to flower to seed within two growing seasons
 1st season = Vegetative growth:
-root, short stem, basal rosette of leaves
 2nd season = Reproductive growth:
-flowers, fruits, seeds
 Examples: Mullein

Front 3

Perennials name all three types, describe them. When do they reproduce?

Back 3

 Vegetative structures live year after year  Herbs = Dormant underground structures when
weather unfavorable
 Woody = Stop growing when unfavorable
 Reproduce when fully mature 1 to 24 to 50+ years!

Front 4

Periderm Tissue

Back 4

Periderm Tissue
• Cork = dead cells at maturity with suberin • Phelloderm = living parenchyma cells • Cork Cambium = meristem
• Lenticels • Replaces the epidermis - peels away • Covers wounds

Front 5

2o Xlyem & 2o Phloem

Back 5

 Vascular Cambium
 Arises from procambium

Front 6

Hard wood vs. softwood

Back 6

Hardwood – All angiosperm wood
Softwood - Conifers
 Lack vessel elements in xylem
Not necessarily density difference Different from Heartwood & Sapwood

Front 7

What are growth rings made of

Back 7

growth rings=Secondary Xylem

Front 8

What determines the width of a tree ring?

Back 8

Adequate moisture and a long growing season result in a wide ring. A drought year may result in a very narrow one

Front 9

Tall plants that are not true woody??

Back 9

*Palm Trees and tree ferns*
-All only have primary meristems
-Their “bark” is thicken epidermis & overlapping leaf bases that are left after leaves drop

Front 10

Greek Name For WIllow Treee

Back 10

Salix spp. – Salicaceae

Front 11

Type of willow most often used

Back 11

Salix alba - White willow

Front 12

What is the active ingredient found in WIllow bark?

Back 12

Glycoside Salicin

Front 13

What are the bad side affects of Glycoside Salicin?

Back 13

Nausea

Front 14

who first manufactured aspirin?

Back 14

Bayer Co.

Front 15

Glycoside Salicin medical rxn's in human's

Back 15

Medically in Humans Increases peripheral blood flow and sweating Depressant action on central nervous system Inhibits platelet accumulation

Front 16

Willow bark defense in plants

Back 16

 Salicylic acid turns on systemic response
 Causes production of resistance proteins
 Warns neighboring plants
 Converted to methyl salicylate and evaporated

Front 17

Chinese Happy Tree..What's it all about?

Back 17

Camptotheca acuminata - Nyssaceae  AKA : Chinese Happy Tree
-Native to China/Tibet

Front 18

Alkaloid found in Chinese Happy Tree

Back 18

Alkaloid Camptothecin

Front 19

Camptothecins: what are the Alkaloid Camptothecin beneficial affects..what exactly do they do?

Back 19

anti-cancer properties
-1985 - Found as topoisomerase I inhibiter Inhibition halts DNA replication
-Leads to cell death
1996 - Two derivatives have been approved by FDA
 Topotecan = Advanced ovarian cancer
 Irinotecan = Colon cancers

Front 20

Stradivarius violins why so great?

Back 20

Built using wood from coldest period of little iced age...tree rings more dense

Front 21

Function of secondary tissue growth

Back 21

Lateral Growth

Front 22

Two secondary tissues:

Back 22

secondary dermal tissue
secondary vascular tissue

Front 23

What are the bad side affects of Glycoside Salicin?

Back 23

Nausea

Front 24

who first manufactured aspirin?

Back 24

Bayer Co.

Front 25

Glycoside Salicin medical rxn's in human's

Back 25

Medically in Humans Increases peripheral blood flow and sweating Depressant action on central nervous system Inhibits platelet accumulation

Front 26

Willow bark defense in plants

Back 26

 Salicylic acid turns on systemic response
 Causes production of resistance proteins
 Warns neighboring plants
 Converted to methyl salicylate and evaporated

Front 27

Chinese Happy Tree..What's it all about?

Back 27

Camptotheca acuminata - Nyssaceae  AKA : Chinese Happy Tree
-Native to China/Tibet

Front 28

Alkaloid found in Chinese Happy Tree

Back 28

Alkaloid Camptothecin

Front 29

Camptothecins: what are the Alkaloid Camptothecin beneficial affects..what exactly do they do?

Back 29

anti-cancer properties
-1985 - Found as topoisomerase I inhibiter Inhibition halts DNA replication
-Leads to cell death
1996 - Two derivatives have been approved by FDA
 Topotecan = Advanced ovarian cancer
 Irinotecan = Colon cancers

Front 30

Stradivarius violins why so great?

Back 30

Built using wood from coldest period of little iced age...tree rings more dense

Front 31

Function of secondary tissue growth

Back 31

Lateral Growth

Front 32

Two secondary tissues:

Back 32

secondary dermal tissue

Front 33

Secondary dermal tissue:
-cell types?
-what is the secondary meristem?
what does it do?

Back 33

cell types: cork and phelloderm
Secondary meristem: Cork Cambium
Pushes Epidermis Outward

Front 34

Secondary Vascular Tissue
-tissue/cells
-secondary meristem

Back 34

secondary xylem and phloem
-xylem tissue
-vessel elements
-phloem tissue
-sieve tube elements
-companion cells
-Secondary meristem
-vascular cambium

Front 35

Which direction does secondary phloem move towards?

Back 35

outside o

Front 36

2° Phloem moves towards\

Back 36

outside

Front 37

What separates wood and bark?

Back 37

Vascular cambium

Front 38

Bark...what composes it?

Back 38

-external to vascular cambium
-2ndary phloem (Some crushed)
-periderm tissue

Front 39

wood...

Back 39

• Internal to Vascular Cambium
• 2o Xylem
• Crushed 1o Xylem
• Remaining pith

Front 40

what is preferred for woodworking

Back 40

Heart wood!
-less susceptable to fungus and doesn't contain nearly as much moisture as sapwood, which means it will shrink less when dried

Front 41

Which direction does secondary xylem move towards?

Back 41

inside o

Front 42

2° Phloem moves towards\

Back 42

outside

Front 43

What separates wood and bark?

Back 43

Vascular cambium

Front 44

Bark...what composes it?

Back 44

-external to vascular cambium
-2ndary phloem (Some crushed)
-periderm tissue

Front 45

wood...

Back 45

• Internal to Vascular Cambium
• 2o Xylem
• Crushed 1o Xylem
• Remaining pith

Front 46

what is preferred for woodworking

Back 46

Heart wood!
-less susceptable to fungus and doesn't contain nearly as much moisture as sapwood, which means it will shrink less when dried

Front 47

Which direction does secondary phloem move towards?

Back 47

outside

Front 48

2° Phloem moves towards\

Back 48

outside

Front 49

What separates wood and bark?

Back 49

Vascular cambium

Front 50

Bark...what composes it?

Back 50

-external to vascular cambium
-2ndary phloem (Some crushed)
-periderm tissue

Front 51

wood...

Back 51

• Internal to Vascular Cambium
• 2o Xylem
• Crushed 1o Xylem
• Remaining pith

Front 52

Diagram secondary dermal tissue

Back 52

Did ya id em all?