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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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affinity |
property of a drug to bind to a binding site on receptor |
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efficacy |
measure of the ability of the drug to produce a measurable response |
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where is salbutamol specific |
for beta 2 receptors in the lungs but not the heart |
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what does adrenaline cause airways to do |
contract a little bit |
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what receptors does adrenaline bind to |
all beta and alpha receptors |
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what is b2 adrenergic receptor |
g protein coupled receptor 7 transmembrane domains very large intracellular loop with lots of sites of messengers to bund to and alter |
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receptors generally have a high degree of what |
degree of drug specificity |
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receptors only bind molecules with what |
a unique three dimensional topography and chemistry |
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what happens when a substance binds to multiple receptors |
appearance of unwanted side effects |
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what does dopamine bind to |
dopamine receptors |
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drugs that are effective at high doses are prone to do what |
bind to a range of receptors |
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give an example of a bad side effect of a drug |
thalidominde R form/ teratogenic and S form - sedative to help women with morning sickness didnt know the r form and involvement in limb growth lar no of babies were damages |
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what happens with different form of epinephrine |
S-(+)- epinephrine is a poor fit and lower efficacy R-(-)-epinephrine is a better fit and more active |
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nicotinic recepors |
nicotinic-ligand gated ion channel skeletal muscle, ganglia , CNS EXcitatory |
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muscarinic receptors |
widely distributed g protein couples receptors M1-M5 subtypes |
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a adrenoceptors |
widely distrubuted g protein couple receptors a1, a2 subtypes |
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beta adrenoceptors |
widely distributed g protein coupled redeptors b1/b3 subtypes |
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what does acetylcholine bind to |
muscarinic nicotinic receptors |
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what does noradrenaline bind to |
a adrenoceptors b adrenoceptors |
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name some drug targets |
ion channels enzymes transporters refeotors almost everything is a drug target |
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how are drugs studied |
in vivo in vitro high through put screening |
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what are the different phases in drug studying |
preclinical phase 0 phase I phase II phase III AND PHASE IV |
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what is beyond the therapeutic range |
adverse response |
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some drugs have a narrow or non existent margin between what |
therapeutic and toxic effects |
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what is the biggest therapeutic saftey of a drug |
psychiatric disorders |
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what is istogenicity |
capacity to produce disease from side effects or inappropriately prescribing of drugs |
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what is tertagenicity ? |
the capacity to produce abnormalities of the unborn child or foetus |
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what is botulinum toxin |
temporary removal of facial wrinkes severe underarm sweating cervical dystionia- neurological disorder causes severe neck and shoulder muscle contractions strabismus- misaligned eyes blepharospasm- uncontrollable blinking |
