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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Prinicpal antidiarrheal agents
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Diphenoxylate
Loperamide |
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MA of diphenoxylate and loperamide
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opioid agonists, mediated by peripheral mu receptors
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Why is diphenoxylate given with atropine
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To provide unpleasant side effects to discourage substance abuse (it may decrease gastric motility but this isn't the main reason)
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Contraindications for anti-diarrheal agents
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They can cause constipation, don't use in UC patients
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Why use bismuth subsalicylate as an antidiarrheal?
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Antidiarrheal properties due to its antimicobial activity
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How does Pepto bismol reduce flatulence?
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It binds hydrogen sulfide
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Drug used for diarrhea in IBS patients
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Alosetron a 5-HT3 antagonist
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Side effects of Alosetron
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Constipation and potentially fatal ischemic colitis
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How do laxatives work
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Increase fluid retention
Decrease colonic absorption of H2o and salt Increased gastric motility |
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Tegaserod and its use
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5-HT4 agonis treament for IBS in woment and idiopathic chronic constipation in men and women
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Side effects of tegaserod
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Diarrhea, flatulence, and cholecystitis
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Bulk laxatives
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Bran
Psyllium Methycellulose |
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Osmotically active agents
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Milk Mn
NaPO3/Na biphosphate Gylcerin Lactulose (takes 24-48 hrs) Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) |
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Surfactants
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Docusates (colace) serves as stool-softening agent
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Stimulate laxatives MA
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Promote water and salt accumulation in colonic lumen and inhibit Na/K ATPase
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Stimulant laxatives
(there are 4) |
Bisacodyl
Cascara sagrada (speed evacuation of drug overdose) Senna (ExLax) Castor oil *quick acting 6-8 hours |
