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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
amino
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polar, water soluble, weak base can accept H
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carbonyl
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polar and water soluble, in sugars, if at end: aldehyde (formaldehyde), if internal: ketone (acetone)
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carboxyl
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polar and water soluble,donates protons, acidic, organic acids (acidic acid)
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Hydroxyl
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OH
Polar, water soluble, compounds with OH are alcohols |
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Phosphate
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polar and water soluble, loses protons, therefore acid, can lose two protons (neg charged), very biologically important in energy storage
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Sulfhydryl
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SH
Help stabilize the structure of pprotein S-S links |
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hydrophyilic
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ionic or polar
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hydrophobic
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nonionic, nonpolar
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why do ionic or polar solutes dissolve in water?
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electronegitivity
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cohesion vs. adhesion
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co- water molecules stick to eachother
ad- water molecules stick to other molecules |
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acid-base reaction
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require a proton donor (becomes acid) and acceptor (becomes base)
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pH=...
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pH= -log(10)(H+)
logartithmic scale so each pH unit is 10x different. 7 is neutral, 5 acidic, 9 basic |