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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Cell metabolism? |
The thousands of biochemical reactions that occur within a living cell. Many are arranged into multi step pathways that are controlled by enzymes. |
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What is a catabolic pathway ? |
Large molecules are broken down releasing energy. (Put the cat out) eg proteins▶️ amino acids |
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What is an anabolic pathway ? |
The build up of a large molecule from smaller molecules. Using energy. Eg amino acids▶️ proteins. |
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Equation for Anaerobic respiration in mammals. |
Glucose ↔️ Lactic acid Reversible |
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Equation for Anaerobic respiration in yeast. |
Glucose➡️ CO2 + water Irreversible |
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What is a metabolic pathway? |
A sequence of reactions that change one metabolite into another. Each step is controlled by an enzyme. |
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What is an alternative pathways ? |
Some metabolic pathways have alternative pathways which can be used if external conditions change. |
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Describe the Structure of the cell membrane. |
A cell membrane it the boundary that the internal contents of the cell from its external surroundings. The membrane consists of proteins and lipids. |
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Name the embedded membrane protein functions. |
Protein pores- allows specific molecules to pass through the membrane by passive transport. Pump proteins- bind to specific molecules or ions temporarily enabling them to cross the membrane by active transport. Enzymes- some proteins in the membrane catalyse a specific reaction. |
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Why are enzymes involved in metabolic pathways? |
To speed up the rate of reactions. |
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Why are enzymes involved in metabolic pathways? |
To speed up the rate of reactions. |
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How does a enzyme work? |
An enzyme reduces the activation energy of a reaction, meaning it requires less energy for a reaction to take place. |
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Why are enzymes involved in metabolic pathways? |
To speed up the rate of reactions. |
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How does a enzyme work? |
An enzyme reduces the activation energy of a reaction, meaning it requires less energy for a reaction to take place. |
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How do enzymes speed up the RoR? |
Bring the substrate closer together to help a reaction happen. Lower the activation energy. |
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What is the function of the Cell membrane ? |
It controls the entry and exit of molecules in a cell. It is also the site if many metabolic reactions. |
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What is the function of the Cell membrane ? |
It controls the entry and exit of molecules in a cell. It is also the site if many metabolic reactions. |
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Describe the structure of the cell membrane. |
It is formed from a dynamic bilayer of phospholipid molecules, interspersed with different types of protein molecules. They are held together by weak electrostatic forces. Also contains cholesterol to help maintain fluidity and polysaccharide molecules with help the cell to attach to each other. |
