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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mendel concluded that traits are
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inherited through the passing of factors from parents to offspring
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When Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants with true-breeding short plants, all the offspring were tall because
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the allele for tall plants is dominant
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If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
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6
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Chromosomes form tetrads during
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prophase of meiosis I
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Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
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four genetically different haploid cells
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Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study
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the inheritance of traits
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Two plants with the genotypes TT and Tt would have the same
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phenotype
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Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
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homozygous
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Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are called
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incomplete dominance
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Mendel's principles of genetics apply to
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all organisms
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Gametes are produced by the process of
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meiosis
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Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
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haploid cells
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Traits that are produced by the interaction of several genes are said to be
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polygenic
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A female's sex chromosomes are
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XX
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In a specific set of pelicans, the gene for white-tipped wings is dominant over the gene for grey-tipped wings. If a pelican with a genotype of Ww mated with a pelican wit ha genotype WW, what is the probability that the offspring will have grey-tipped wings?
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0%
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In certain orchids, the gene for solid-colored petals is dominant over the gene for multicolored petals. If two orchids with multicolored petals produce offspring, what is the probability that the offspring will have multicolored petals?
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100%
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What is the probability of an offspring having the genotype PP, if one parent has the genotypes PP and the other has the genotype Pp?
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50%
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What is the probability that an offspring will express the recessive trait if the parent's genotypes are both Tt?
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25%
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Where are sex-linked traits located?
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on the X and/or Y chromosomes
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In blood types, both alleles are fully expressed and show no dominance over the other. This is an example of?
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codominance
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Incomplete dominance will cause
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a mixture of the two traits
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The skin color of a human may have a genotype of WwDDRr. What kinds of trait is this?
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a polygenic trait
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Why is a male more likely than a female to be color blind?
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because colorblindness is a recessive trait carried on the X chromosome
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A pea plant that has 2 different alleles for the same trait is said to be ____.
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heterozygous
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An organism's gametes have ____ the number of chromosomes found in the organism's body cells
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half
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The different forms of a gene are called_____.
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alleles
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_____are most likely to suffer from a sex-linked disorder because they have only one X.
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males
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A female who does not possess a given trait, but can pass it on to her offspring is called a _____.
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carrier
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How many recessive alleles for a trait must an organism inherit in order to show that trait?
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2
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Define homologous chromosomes.
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corresponding sets of chromosomes; one set inherited from the male parent and the other set inherited from the female parent.
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Explain the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance.
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incomplete dominance--one allele is not completely dominant over the other. As a result, the heterozygous phenotype is somewhere between the 2 homozygous phenotypes
Codominance--both alleles contribute to the phenotype of an organism. As a result, the heterozygous phenotypes shows both homozygous phenotypes |
