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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
An inherited characteristic
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What is a Trait?
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Ex. hair color, shape of nose, eye color, et.al.
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The passing of traits from parents to offspring
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What is Heredity?
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The study of this field is called Genetics.
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The study of heredity
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What is Genetics?
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This form of Biology explains how genes control inherited traits.
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A factor that controls inherited traits
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What is a Gene?
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Combinations of these are predicted by a Punnett Square.
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Describes a gene or trait that will always show itself
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What is Dominant?
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Traits that override other traits.
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Describes a gene or trait that will be hidden when the dominant gene or trait is present
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What is Recessive?
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Hidden/masked traits which may emerge against all odds.
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Having two like genes for the same trait
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What is Homozygous?
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Crossing two tall pea plants yields tall offspring
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Having two unlike genes for the same trait
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What is Heterozygous?
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Crossbreeding homozygous tall plants (TT) with homozygous short plants (tt) yeilded tall offspring
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The gene combination for a given trait in an organism
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What is Genotype?
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Gene pair = specific trait
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The appearance of a trait in an organism
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What is Phenotype?
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Ex. A homozygous tall plant (Tt) and a heterozygous tall plant (Tt) have different genotypes but the phenotype is tall.
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A chart that shows possible gene combinations
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What is a Punnett Square?
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A method of predicting the offspring of two organisms.
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The large molecules in a cell
that store genetic information |
What is DNA?
(deoxyribonucleic acid) |
A DNA molecule resembles the Double Helix (twisted ladder)
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A molecule in a cell used in the making of proteins
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What is RNA?
(ribonucleic acid) |
Differs from DNA in that the molecule has only one side of the "twisted ladder" shape/double helix
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A chart that shows how a certain trait is passed from generation to generation.
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What is a Pedigree?
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Enables one to identify carriers of a trait and those family members having the disorder (ex. Hemophilia)
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A change in a gene.
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What is a Mutation?
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Occurs when the order of the bases in a DNA molecule changes.
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The methods used to change the genetic information in the DNA of cells or organisms
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What is Genetic Engineering?
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Ex. The Human Genome Project may help doctors and researchers find cures for diseases.
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