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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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method of breeding that allows only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
selective breeding |
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breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms |
hybridization |
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continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics to maintain the desired characteristics of a line of organisms |
inbreeding
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process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms
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genetic engineering
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enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides
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restriction enzyme
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procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel
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gel electrophoresis
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DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources
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recombinant DNA
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technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a particular gene
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polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
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photograph of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs
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Karyotype
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one of two chromosomes that determine an individual's sex
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sex chromosome
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a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
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autosome
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chart that shows the relationships within a family
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pedigree
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gene located on the X or Y chromosome
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sex-linked gene
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error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate
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nondisjunction
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analysis of sections of DNA that have little or no known function, but vary widely from one individual to another, in order to identify individuals
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dna fingerprinting
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