Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What does ligase do? |
Bonds okazaki fragments together |
|
|
What does helicase do? |
"un-zips" the DNA double helix by breaking the bonds. |
|
|
What does polymerase 3 do? |
Replicates the leading and lagging strands of dna |
|
|
Mrna |
Carries instructions from the nucleous to the cytoplasm |
|
|
What's the start codon? |
Aug |
|
|
What did Edwin chargoff discover? |
Base pair rule |
|
|
T rna does? |
Translates nucleotides into proteins |
|
|
What are the four phases of mitosis? |
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. |
|
|
What are the four phases of cell division? |
G1, S, G2, Mitosis |
|
|
What's the definition of a chromosome? |
Strand of DNA – doubled at this Point since the chromosome when through the S phase. |
|
|
How many chromosomes do humans have? |
46 in somatic cells |
|
|
Haploid means? |
Having *half* the number of chromosomes. In humans that's 23 |
|
|
What happens during prophase? |
The nuclear envelope is disappearing, the chromotin is condensing to chromosomes and the spindle apparatus is forming. |
|
|
What happens during metaphase? |
The chromosomes line up in the middle to make sure each new cell gets a copy of every gene. |
|
|
What happens during anaphase? |
The junction of the sister chromatids seperates, and the daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles. |
|
|
What do parent cells have in common with daughter cells? |
Everything!!!!! |
|
|
What is a point mutation? |
Chemical changes in only one base pair of genes |
|
|
What's the effect of silent mutations? |
Nothing, the proteins turned out the same. |
|
|
What are missence mutations? |
Still a code for an amino acid but not necessarily the right one |
|
|
A nonsense mutation does what? |
Change an amino acid into a stop codon, usually leading to a non-functional enzyme. |
|
|
What are mutugans ? |
Physical or chemical agents that can cause mutations. |
|
|
What makes up dna? |
The monomers of dna are nucleotides |
