Biol 111 Lab 9 - Mcgill

Front 1

Annuli (Fish)

Back 1

"Growth rings" on the scale which are used to age fish.

Front 2

External nares (Fish)

Back 2

Nostrils which open into olfactory pits.

Front 3

Opercula (Fish)

Back 3

Gill covers which act both as a protection for the respiratory structures underneath and as an important component in the pumping system which forces water over the gills.

Front 4

Fins (Fish)

Back 4

Membranous extensions of the epidermis supported by fin rays.

Front 5

Unpaired fins (Fish)

Back 5

Used for stabilization, prevention from rolling over and for forward propulsion.

Includes: Anterior dorsal fin, posterior dorsal fin, anal fin, and caudal fin.

Front 6

Paired fins (Fish)

Back 6

Used in braking, turning and prevention of rolling.

Includes: Pectoral fins (homologous with tetrapoda forelimbs) and pelvic fins (homologous with tetrapoda hind limbs).

Front 7

Lateral line (Fish)

Back 7

Row of scales which runs along either side of body.
Allows fish to detect disturbances in water caused by distance objects/organisms.

Front 8

Neuromasts (Fish)

Back 8

Sensory organs consisting of clusters of hair cells (sensory receptors), whose cilia are embedded in the cupula.

Front 9

Myomeres (Fish)

Back 9

Muscle block within the fish shaped like a side-ways "W". e.g. Salmon flesh.

Front 10

Myocommata (Fish)

Back 10

Sheets of connective tissue which connects the muscle fibres in the myomeres.

Front 11

Liver (Fish)

Back 11

Large orange-brown mass of tissue which functions to store glycogen and to produce bile.

Front 12

Gall bladder (Fish)

Back 12

Releases bile into the intestine which aids in the digestion of fats. Located under right lobe of the liver.

Front 13

Pyloric caeca (Fish)

Back 13

Three short, finger-like projections which lie at the junction between the stomach and intestine.
Aid in digestion by secreting enzymes and assist the intestine in nutrient absorption.

Front 14

Mesentery (Fish)

Back 14

Thin connective tissue that holds the internal organs together in the body cavity.

Front 15

Spleen (Fish)

Back 15

Small elongate reddish organ located in the mesentery which acts as a reservoir for blood and assists in the destruction of red blood cells.

Front 16

Coelom

Back 16

Body cavity

Front 17

Peritoneum (Fish)

Back 17

Thin, shiny layer of connective tissue which lines the coelom.

Front 18

Air bladder (Fish)

Back 18

Large, elongated sac with thin whitish walls which (in life) is filled with air and is used by fish to make small changes in buoyancy (by means of a gas gland).

Front 19

Kidney (Fish)

Back 19

Long reddish-brown strip of tissue along vertebral column which filters out metabolic wastes from the blood and excretes them in urine.

Front 20

Urinary bladder (Fish)

Back 20

Expels urine through urinary pore in the urinary papilla (male) or urogenital pore (female).

Front 21

Most fish and amphibians have _________ fertilization and are __parous.

Back 21

External. Oviparous (egg-laying).

Front 22

Fish have a ___-chambered hear.

Back 22

Two: Atrium (receives blood) and the ventricle (pumps blood out).

Front 23

Otoliths (Fish)

Back 23

Small calcareous structures encased in fluid-filled sacs which vibrate from sound waves transmitted through water > stimulates sensory cells > neural signal to brain > sound interpreted.
Like scales, otoliths contain "growth rings".

Front 24

Semicircular canals (Fish)

Back 24

3 pairs: Fluid-filled tubes within the inner ear which aids in balance and orientation to gravity.

Front 25

Optic lobes (Fish)

Back 25

Largest structures in the brain; assist in visual perception.

Front 26

Telencephalon (Fish)

Back 26

Anterior to optic lobes. Homologous the mammalian cerebrum.

Front 27

Olfactory lobes (Fish)

Back 27

Ventral to telencephalon. Assist in olfaction.

Front 28

Auricular (acoustic) lobes (Fish)

Back 28

Posterior to optic lobes. Assist in hearing.

Front 29

Saccule (Fish)

Back 29

Large sac ventral and posterior to semicircular canals.