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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1) Compare open and closed circulatory systems (Figure 23.1). Which type do humans have?
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closed circulatory system |
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in organisms with double circulation (blank) transports blood between the heart and lungs |
the pulmonary circuit
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transports blood between the heart and the rest of the body |
systemic circuit
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within the capillary beds there is a local exchange of molecules between the blood and the interstitial fluid |
chemical exchange |
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small vessels where exchange with cells actually takes place |
capillaries |
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carry blood away from the heart |
arteries |
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return blood back to the heart |
veins |
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the muscles of the heart relax and contract rhythmically |
cardiac cycle |
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the force that blood exerts against the walls of your blood vessels |
blood pressure |
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What do the numbers in a blood pressure reading mean?
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blood pressure is recorded as two numbers the fist number is blood pressure during systole the second number is the blood pressure that remains in the arteries during diastole |
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What are the components of blood
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plasma cellular elements |
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carry oxygen |
red blood cells |
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fight against infections |
white blood cells |
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responsible for clotting |
platelets |
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when one or more arteries are blocked with plaque, heart cells start to die due to lack of oxygen |
cardiovascular disease
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What factors increase and decrease your risk for cardiovascular disease
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increase smoking eating unhealthy foods decrease working out eating healthier quiting smoking |
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What are the four types of respiratory surfaces
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skin gills trachea lungs |
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What features must a respiratory surface have?
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is usually covered with a single layer of living cells that is thin enough to allow rapid diffusion between the body and the environment |
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10) What is hemoglobin and what is its function
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molecules within red blood cells hemoglobin transports oxygen in blood |
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How does smoking damage the lungs?
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tobacco smoke damages the cells lining the bronchi and the trachea, destroying their cillia. this interferes with the normal cleansing mechanism of the respiratory system further allowing more toxins to enter |
