Bio Ch. 15

Front 1

The three-domain system

Back 1

subdivides the prokaryotes into 2 different domains.

Front 2

The crustal plates are constantly moving. For example, North America and Eurasia are presently drifting apart at a rate of about __________ per year.

Back 2

2 centimeters

Front 3

Gene duplication leads to:

Back 3

genes which may evolve for new or modified functions

Front 4

A study of human evolution compared the features of an adult human skull to the skulls of an adult and infant chimp. At the end of the study, it was clear that the adult human and infant chimp shared many more features than the adult human and adult chimp. This study suggests that humans evolved by the process of

Back 4

paedomorphosis

Front 5

Which of the following is the process by which species not closely related may come to resemble one another if they live in a similar environment?

Back 5

convergent evolution

Front 6

Homeotic genes are involved in determining what in animals:

Back 6

the placement of structures in various segments

Front 7

Most of the evidence from the fossil record supports the position that

Back 7

evolution occurred in huge leaps and bounds.

Front 8

Old fossils are typically dated using:

Back 8

Indirectly by dating volcanic rocks containing long lived isotopes such as K-40

Front 9

Ever since Darwin, systematics has tried to

Back 9

provide a hierarchical classification system that reflects evolutionary relationships.

Front 10

Mass extinctions

Back 10

are typically followed by "explosive" increases in diversity.

Front 11

Which of the following phenomena can be caused by continental drift?

Back 11

A) mountain formation
B) the merging and breaking up of continents
C) volcanoes
D) All of the choices are correct.
E) earthquakes
= D

Front 12

Genes that control the placement of wings and other appendages are called what kind of genes?

Back 12

Homeotic genes

Front 13

Which one of the following is not an exaptation?

Back 13

A) All of the choices are examples of exaptations.
B) lightweight, honeycombed bones in birds
C) feathers in birds
D) longer, winglike forelimbs in birds
E) flippers in penguins
= A

Front 14

If all of Earth's history were compressed into an hour, humans would first appear about

Back 14

one second ago.

Front 15

Which one of the following is true about complex camera type eyes?

Back 15

These eyes arose independently in certain mollusks and in vertebrates

Front 16

How is the merging of continents to form Pangaea believed to have altered the Earth's environments at that time?

Back 16

A) It reduced the amount of coastal and shallow-sea environments, and it brought organisms into competition with unfamiliar organisms.
B) None of the choices are correct.
C) All of the choices are correct.
D) It changed the pattern of ocean currents, which in turn affected climates on land.
E) It may have made much of Pangaea drier and more varied in climate.
=C

Front 17

The emergence of a new plant species over a brief period of time followed by periods of little change would support which of the following theories?

Back 17

punctuated equilibrium

Front 18

Which one of the following is NOT true about fossils?

Back 18

Most fossils are the actual remains of organisms

Front 19

Which of the following choices lists taxonomic categories in order from most specific to most general?

Back 19

genus, family, order, class, phylum

Front 20

In the three-domain system, the eukaryotes are represented

Back 20

only by the Domain Eukarya.

Front 21

A paleontologist who specializes in amphibians notices that there are very few differences in the skull of the adult and juvenile forms of a salamander. This suggests that the salamander exhibits

Back 21

paedomorphosis

Front 22

The 14C:12C ratio can be used to date fossils that are up to approximately how old?

Back 22

20,000 years

Front 23

Which of the following are true about marsupial mammals?

Back 23

Marsupials are believed to have evolved in Asia and North America.
Marsupials in Australia often fill niches analogous to placental mammals.
Possums are the only marsupials in Kansas

Front 24

The PAX-6 gene that governs eye placement in mice

Back 24

causes extra wings in genetically modified fruit flies

Front 25

Evolution is a response to interactions between populations and

Back 25

their current environment.

Front 26

Which of the following is an example of paedomorphosis?

Back 26

the retention in the adult of features that were juvenile in ancestors

Front 27

Structures that evolved from the same structure in an ancestor are

Back 27

homologous

Front 28

The saber tooth adaptation found in certain fossil cats and at least one marsupial

Back 28

Arose several independent times and thus is analogy

Front 29

If an isotope has a half-life of 4 million years, and a fossil is 16 million years old, how much of the original isotope will be found in the fossil?

Back 29

one-sixteenth of the original amount

Front 30

The continents and seafloors together form a thin outer layer of the Earth called the

Back 30

crust.

Front 31

Which one of the following is most analogous to the evolutionary history of most animal groups?

Back 31

a bush

Front 32

The situation in which a structure that evolved in one context is later adapted for another function is called

Back 32

an exaptation.

Front 33

Which of the following factors may have contributed to the Cretaceous mass extinctions?

Back 33

A) All of the choices are correct.
B) increased volcanic activity
C) cooling of the climate due to continental drift
D) an extraterrestrial impact
E) None of the choices are correct.
= A