Bio 100 Quiz 1

Front 1

Which is the smallest unit of life that can survive and reproduce on its own?

Back 1

a cell

Front 2

the instructions for growth and development are in

Back 2

DNA

Front 3

the ability to maintain a constant internal environment is

Back 3

homeostasis

Front 4

of the following, which is the first explanation of a problem? it is sometimes called an "educated guess."

Back 4

hypothesis

Front 5

which is the smallest portion of a substance that retains the properties of an element?

Back 5

atom

Front 6

all atoms of an element have the same number of

Back 6

protons

Front 7

a molecule is

Back 7

a combination of two or more atoms

Front 8

what is formed when an atom loses or gains an electron

Back 8

ion

Front 9

an--NH2 group is an ________ group

Back 9

amino

Front 10

A--COOH group is a_______ group

Back 10

carboxyl

Front 11

Cell membranes are characterized by the presence of

Back 11

phospholipids

Front 12

amino acids are the building blocks for

Back 12

proteins

Front 13

Amino acids are linked by hat kind of bonds to form the primary structure of a protein?

Back 13

peptide

Front 14

one portion of the cell theory states that

Back 14

all living organisms are made up of cells.

Front 15

prokaryotic cells do not have

Back 15

nucleoid regions

Front 16

these organelles are sometimes referred to as rough or smooth, depending on the structure.

Back 16

endoplasmic reticula

Front 17

which organelles contain dna?

Back 17

both nuceli and mitochondria

Front 18

which reaction is not an exergonic reaction?

Back 18

protein synthesis

Front 19

when atp releases its energy, it forms

Back 19

both ADP and Pi

Front 20

During enzyme-catalyzed reactions, substrate is a synonym for

Back 20

reactant

Front 21

reactions will reach a chemical equilibrium under which of the following conditions?

Back 21

there is enough time, the reactions are reversible, a product remains after it is formed and there is sufficient reactants.

Front 22

plants need which of the following to carry on photosynthesis?

Back 22

H20 and CO2

Front 23

Most carbon enters the web of life through

Back 23

photosynthesis

Front 24

The light-independent reactions were discovered by

Back 24

Andrew Benson and Melvin Calvin

Front 25

Which of the following can pass through stomata?

Back 25

carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water

Front 26

the ultimate source of energy for living things is

Back 26

the sun

Front 27

when molecules are broken apart in respiration

Back 27

th energy released in respiration is channeled into molecules of atp.

Front 28

Glycolysis

Back 28

results in the production of pyruvate and occurs in the cytoplasm

Front 29

the end products of glycolysis is

Back 29

pyruvate

Front 30

the Krebs cycle takes place in the

Back 30

mitochondria

Front 31

the breakdown of pyruvate in the Krebs cycle results in the release of

Back 31

energy and carbon dioxide

Front 33

under anaerobic conditions, muscle cells produce

Back 33

lactate

Front 34

proteins associate with dna in eukaryotes are

Back 34

histones

Front 35

chromosomes are duplicated during which period?

Back 35

S

Front 36

the nuclear envelope begins to break up in late

Back 36

prophase

Front 37

the chromosomes are aligned at the spindle equator during

Back 37

metaphase

Front 38

the spindle apparatus becomes visible during

Back 38

prophase

Front 39

sexual reproduction

Back 39

results in new combinations of genetic traits

Front 40

sexual reproduction

Back 40

results in new combinations of genetic traits

Front 41

if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis, the resulting cells will have how many chromosomes

Back 41

8

Front 42

chromatids are

Back 42

attached at their centromeres

Front 43

various forms of a gene at a given locus are called

Back 43

alleles

Front 44

which of the following indicates homozygous genotypes?

Back 44

AA and aa

Front 45

According to Mendel, what kind of genes "disappear" in F1 pea plants?

Back 45

recessive

Front 46

If all offspring of a cross have the genotype Aa, the parents of the crosses would most likely be

Back 46

AA-aa

Front 47

the theory of segregation

Back 47

explains the behavior of a pair of alleles during meiosis

Front 48

genes are

Back 48

located on chromosomes, inherited in the same way as chromosomes, arranged in linear sequence on chromosomes , assorted independently during meiosis

Front 49

which of the following designates a normal human female?

Back 49

XX

Front 50

which of the following designates a normal human male?

Back 50

XY

Front 51

All of the genes located on a given chromosome comprise a

Back 51

linkage group

Front 52

If two genes are on the same chromosome

Back 52

they are in the same linkage group

Front 53

Bacteriophages are

Back 53

viruses

Front 54

James Watson and Francis Crick

Back 54

established the double-stranded nature of DNA

Front 55

The DNA molecule could be compared to a

Back 55

ladder

Front 56

the best adjective to describe dna replication is

Back 56

semiconservative

Front 57

the dna molecule is usually made up of how many strands?

Back 57

2

Front 58

the rna molecule is usually made-up of how many strands?

Back 58

1

Front 59

the nitrogenous base found in rna but not in dna is

Back 59

uracil

Front 60

the synthesis of an rna molecule from a dna template strand is

Back 60

transcription

Front 61

a repressor protein binds

Back 61

the operator

Front 62

the region to which rna polymerase binds is called the

Back 62

promoter sequence

Front 63

a regulator gene produces which of he following

Back 63

repressor protein

Front 64

small circular molecules of dna in bacteria are called

Back 64

plasmids

Front 65

enzymes used to cut dna molecules in recombinant dna research are

Back 65

restriction enzymes

Front 66

restriction enzymes

Back 66

often produce staggered cuts in dna that are useful in splicing genes.

Front 67

fossils found in the lowest geological strata are generally the most

Back 67

primitive

Front 68

the place Darwin visited on his trip around the world that had the greatest impact on his thinking was

Back 68

the Galapagos island

Front 69

according to Darwin, natural selection is based on the ______ found in populations

Back 69

variations

Front 70

which of the following evolve?

Back 70

populations

Front 71

new alleles arise by

Back 71

mutation

Front 72

the fossil record is incomplete because

Back 72

very few organisms were preserved as fossils, organisms tend to decay before becoming a fossils, animals with hard parts are preserved more easily, geological processes may destroy fossils.

Front 73

fossils would include

Back 73

skeletons, shells, seeds and tracks

Front 74

which of the following organisms would you expect o find preserved as a fossil?

Back 74

a shelled arthropod such as a trilobite

Front 75

in thee biological species concept of Ernst mayr, what aspect of a population is critical to determining a species?

Back 75

interbreeding capabilities

Front 76

members of the same species would be expected to

Back 76

share the same gene pool.

Front 77

a species is composed of

Back 77

populations that have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Front 78

the primitive earths atmosphere did not contain

Back 78

free oxygen

Front 79

it is doubtful that many of the organic compounds essential for life, such as amino acids and nucleotides, would be able to assemble spontaneously in the presence of

Back 79

free oxygen

Front 80

paramecium is a representative of the

Back 80

ciliates

Front 81

structurally, the most complex unicellular organisms are

Back 81

ciliates